Super-Earth and Darwinian evolution

Super-Earth and Darwinian evolution

Super-Earth illustration (Image I)

Super-Earth and Darwinian evolution

Can super-Earth maintain lifeforms?

That is a complicated question. The fact is that theoretically nothing denies the possibility that similar lifeforms with us can live on the surface of super-Earths. In this case, we must realize that the lifeforms, that are living and advanced on super-Earth are the endemic species, that are fully adapted to their environment. That means that those planets might be very uncomfortable for us, but those species can live on that planet very well. 

But what makes that question complicated? The atmosphere of super-Earth is "flat". The gas is pressed near the surface of that planet, and that means it's not so high as the atmosphere of Earth. That means the cosmic radiation would go closer to the surface, but the mountains are lower, and those animals and intelligent species can have fur, which protects them against the UV-radiation. And also the sun of those planets should be quite similar to the Sun. 

So if that planet has similar lifeforms to us, that "space human" would be shorter than we are but would be stronger. And the discussion of the alien races has caused the question if some planet is a little bit different than Earth what means that it has the stronger gravity field could that maintain life, even if Homo Sapiens would not feel comfortable on the surface of that planet?

https://scitechdaily.com/are-super-earths-capable-of-creating-conditions-that-are-hospitable-for-life-to-arise-and-thrive/

https://scitechdaily.com/planet-hunters-discover-incredibly-rare-super-earth-one-in-a-million/

https://www.space.com/super-earth-exoplanet-gj-357d-may-support-life.html

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/planet-hunters-discover-incredibly-rare-super-earth-one-in-a-million/

The DNA-molecule (Image II)

Did evolution begin before the first organisms?

That is one question, what is interesting. The nano-technology developers are interested in self-replicated molecules, which can be used as tools for manipulating the nano-size world. What if the creators of the nanomachines can find the self-replicating molecules, that can self-replicate outside the cells. 

The ability to create nanomachines or molecular-size machines in the chambers or even in natural conditions gives the new type of tools for many things. And this is why the first lifeforms on Earth are interesting to researchers. They want to find out what kind of molecule was the first self-replicator, what could make that thing in the natural conditions without cell membrane, what can protect it against chemical and radiological stress. 

The fact about evolution is that the amino-acids and needed chemical combinations must exist before the RNA and DNA have been produced. When we are thinking that the first procaryotes were needed before some other organisms like viruses can form. So the advantage or evolution made the molecule create a protective cell membrane over it and then evolution made back steps. It formed the virus. The virus is a DNA or RNA package, that can connect itself to the genome of the cell. And that genome forces the cell to produce the descendants of the virus. The genetic material in the first independent organisms was in the form of the RNA, and the reason, why I believe that is the RNA is a simpler molecule than DNA.

But the main question is when we are seeing that life began on Earth? Was it when the first procaryote decide to split and form the descendants? Or was it sometimes before. Today we know that some molecules can make copies of themselves in the right chemical conditions and when the right energy load is targeted to them. 

So in some chemical lake on the surface of the young Earth was a molecule, that could replicate itself. That chemical lake offered the right chemical environment that the molecules would self-replicated without cells. The chemical conditions of that lake what is called as "primeval sea" were absolute right for molecular self-replicant. And we are carrying that sea with us in our cells. Then the natural selection favors the molecules, which has the core for protecting the self-replicator. 

In the cells the DNA molecule self-replicates itself. During that process, the molecule will split into two RNA molecules, and the other of those molecules will travel to the cell organs. In the cells are right chemical conditions for self-replicating of the RNA and DNA. 

The chemical conditions of the cell are probably quite similar to the primeval sea, which is interesting to scientists and researchers along with developers for the reason, that in nanotechnology the self-replicating molecules are offering the ultimate tool for making molecular-size machines. But the problem is that the self-replicating requires cells but if the molecular self-replication can take out from the cells, that gives ultimate changes for making the new type of machines. 

https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21128251-300-first-life-the-search-for-the-first-replicator/

https://scitechdaily.com/emergence-of-life-from-chaos-did-darwinian-evolution-begin-before-life-itself/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-replication

Image II: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/DNA_Structure%2BKey%2BLabelled.pn_NoBB.png