The new materials and inventions can mean a breakthrough in hypersonic technology.

The SR-71 and SR-72 "DarkStar" (Above)  are the fastest atmospheric aircraft. The SR-71 is the fastest known manned aircraft. with a speed of Mach 3.2 at 26,000 meters. The SR-72 can reach Mach 6 at high altitudes. The fastest air-breathing aircraft was X-43A, which reached a speed of Mach 12. But the X-43A was an air-launched single-use experimental aircraft. The retired SR-71 and SR-72 are systems that can be used many times. The SR-71 and SR-72 operate from normal runways. 

However, low-level high-speed flight faces challenges, primarily the thermal effects that can damage the aircraft's body.  

Whirls around the aircraft, known as turbulence, are one of the factors that limit hypersonic technology. The ability to remove whirls around the body could make a revolution in hypersonic technology. When an aircraft flies in the atmosphere, air flows over its body. If there is a small bulge on the body, that bulge creates a whirl that causes oscillation in the hypersonic body. The whirl acts like a roll.  One of the solutions. That can decrease the turbulence. It is making those bodies as smooth as possible. 

"Artist's concept of X-43A with scramjet attached to the underside." (Wikipedia, NASA X-43)

One solution could be a system that pushes airflow away from the body. If the aircraft can make the air layer against the body and wings as thin as possible, that removes turbulence. In some models. Things like superconducting magnets. Those that are on both sides of the aircraft can be used to push air away from the aircraft's body. The idea is that the system uses the Meissner effect. To create a thin air bubble around the aircraft. The superconducting magnets. Or the Meissner system can be used to create an acoustic bubble around the craft. The system benefits from the superconducting levitation effect. For pushing air away from the body. 

This thing makes. It is possible to create thin air conditions around the aircraft. The new materials that can transport heat out of the aircraft body. It can also make it possible to create systems that can travel with incredible speed. New materials like magic-angle graphene can pull thermal energy out from an aircraft’s body. 

“Diagram of a typical gas turbine jet engine” (Wikipedia, Turbojet)

“Diagram of a valved pulsejet. 

1 - Air enters through the valve and is mixed with fuel. 

2 - The mixture is ignited, expands, closes the valve, and exits through the tailpipe, creating thrust. 

3 - Low pressure in the engine opens the valve and draws in air.” (Wikipedia, Pulsejet) 

“Simple ramjet operation, with Mach numbers of flow shown”(Wikipedia, Ramjet)

“Diagram of principle of operation of a scramjet engine.” (Wikipedia, Scramjet)

The pulse-ramjets, or pulse scramjets, can be one of the answers to the hypersonic engine problems. The problem is that the blower wings of the turbojet don’t withstand the speed of Mach 6. In pulse-ramjets or scramjets, the combustion chamber has the shape of a ramjet and a scramjet engine. 

If the aircraft could make a molecular. Or an acoustic bubble around an aircraft. That system can make it possible to create low-flying ultra-fast aircraft solutions. The problem with hypersonic technology is the ramjet, or scramjet engine structure. Those systems don’t have blowers. So, the aircraft must travel at the speed of Mach 1 to ignite the ramjet engine. There is a possibility. To use regular turbojets to reach that speed. And then the system starts to drive fuel into ramjets. Then the iris closes the turbojet’s air intake. The answer can be the pulsejet engine. Or the flap system, which is used in the WWII V-1 “flying bomb”  missile engine. The pulsejet engine. That is shaped. The ramjet engine can be the answer. To the hypersonic system start problems. 

The flap ramjet.  Or pulse-ramjet, which uses a fuel and air mixture. Compressors drive in the combustion chamber. Then the system ignites that mixture. When speed is high enough, the compressor that drives oxygen into the combustion chamber shuts down. The flap system opens. The engine allows the air flow to travel to the ramjet engine. Another version. Is to use. The shock heating method could be used to ignite the ramjet. The system must only deny. The air flow to the front of the engine.

There is a possibility of using things like phonons to increase the pressure in the engines. The system can use coherent sound waves to press a fuel-air mixture against the wall of the combustion chamber. If the system can make a coherent sound wave. That can press a fuel-air mixture against the wall of the combustion chamber. If that pressure is high enough, that system can ignite a ramjet engine in a static position. 

https://defensefeeds.com/military-tech/air-force/reconnaissance-aircraft/lockheed-martin-sr-72/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LockheedSR-71_Blackbird

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_SR-72

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_X-43

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsejet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket-based_combined_cycle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-1_flying_bomb

The new air-breathing hypersonic missiles are entering service soon.

Image: 1) 

Creating air-breathing hypersonic technology is more difficult, than using regular rockets and hypersonic gliders. Those gliders are connected with regular rockets. Most hypersonic missiles are regular systems that use regular rocket engines and hypersonic gliders. Hypersonic gliders are warheads that are designed to act like extremely fast gliders. 

But air-breathing hypersonic systems are necessary for the creation of hypersonic jet fighters. A hypersonic glider is like some kind of space shuttle that is shot to ballistic jump. That system can fly in the atmosphere the entire time. Or if the rocket booster is strong that can rise that system to earth orbiter. 

The air-breathing hypersonic system can be shot from aircraft. Or it can also shoot to ballistic trajectory by using a rocket booster. The air-breathing hypersonic missile can fly in a high atmosphere. Those systems can dive back into the atmosphere far away from the target. They are flying lower than satellites or regular missiles. But higher than regular cruise missiles and that makes them hard targets. 

But air-breathing hypersonic technology makes it possible to create aircraft that are flying higher than ever before. The reason why hypersonic technology makes aircraft fly at very high altitudes is that the speed of the aircraft will drive more air into the engine than slow-flying aircraft. That air-breathing hypersonic aircraft can make the SR-71 look like a moped. 

Image 2) "This artist’s rendering shows the Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept, which will integrate Raytheon Technologies’ air-breathing hypersonic weapons with scramjet combustors from Northrop Grumman. The HAWC program is a joint effort of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and U.S. Air Force". (Aerotechnews/Two-for-two: Hypersonic missile passes the second consecutive test)

The Raytheon long-range hypersonic missiles are reaching the speed of Mach 5. Those missiles are the next-generation systems that can have a longer range than traditional rocket-based hypersonic missiles. The air-breathing hypersonic weapon (HAWC) is one of the versions of the hypersonic systems that are entering service. 

The air-breathing hypersonic missiles are systems that can use for many purposes. The hypersonic aircraft can take the rocket to a ballistic jump. That system takes the rocket to the edge of space. And then the system can shoot things like Pegasus rockets that can carry satellites or ASAT (Anti-Satellite) weapons to Earth orbiter. 

Image 3:) DefendTex D40 kamikaze drone

Image 4:) Pegasus XL Under" StarGlaser" mothership. Hypersonic systems can take those air-launched rockets to high altitudes where they can rise higher trajectories. (Wikipedia).

The air-breathing hypersonic systems will revolutionize spaceflight. 

Even if there are rules about the use of space. The military is very interesting in space weapons like killer satellites. The killer satellites can protect things like GPS satellites against ASAT missiles. And the satellites that use small diameter bombs can use against ground-based laser stations. 

Those satellites can drop also killer drones through the atmosphere. And they can assassinate even individual persons if they use new and effective, small-size quadcopters like Australian DefendTex D40 kamikaze drones (Image 3). DefendTexD40 can deliver from hands, it can be shot by using mortars or dropped from airborne or even satellites. Those drones can be controlled by using satellites and their small size makes them very dangerous. 

That thing means that we should re-estimate the personal protection of the primary actors of the governments. The reconnaissance, GPS, and communication satellites are playing vital roles in modern warfare. And that makes those systems legal targets. 

The RDE (Rotation Detonation Engine) can make the small-size solid fuel scramjet and ramjet systems possible. 

Hypersonic systems are coming and the next-generation jet fighters can have the ability to hypersonic speed. But also the artillery grenades that use ramjet or scramjet engines can be the next-generation tools. The RDE (Rotation Detonation Engine) engine can be useful in the ramjets and scramjets that use solid fuel. 

The solid fuel is like sausage around the stick in the middle of the structure and the air that is moving in the chamber like the screw is burning that fuel. That kind of small-diameter high-speed ammunition can be even more effective than the famous HiMARS system. 

https://www.aerotechnews.com/blog/2022/08/18/two-for-two-hypersonic-missile-passes-second-consecutive-test/

https://www.ediweekly.com/us-airforce-tests-hypersonic-missile-successfully-at-five-times-speed-of-sound/

https://eurasiantimes.com/chinese-firm-claims-breakthrough-in-novel-engine-tech/?amp

https://gagadget.com/en/159013-australia-will-provide-ukraine-with-300-defendtex-d40-kamikaze-drones-that-can-be-launched-from-a-mortar/

Image 1:) https://asiatimes.com/2020/08/meet-mayhem-the-usafs-multi-role-hypersonic-weapon/

Image 2:)https://www.aerotechnews.com/blog/2022/08/18/two-for-two-hypersonic-missile-passes-second-consecutive-test/

Image 3:) 300-defendtex-d40-kamikaze-drones-that-can-be-launched-from-a-mortar/

Image 4:) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_Pegasus