The flight of NASA's Ingenuity helicopter is turning harder and harder.

Image I: Artist's impression of the Ingenuity helicopter flying over Mars. 

The helicopter that flies over the Martian hemisphere is a very impressive tool. It can operate in an atmosphere which density is less than 2% of Earth. In so low pressure even the smallest changes mean a lot of things. Today the pressure of the atmosphere of Mars is about 1% of the Earth's atmosphere because winter is coming to that planet. 

And that means the mission of that helicopter is turning more difficult. Soon the pressure is so low, that the rotors cannot rise that helicopter to flight. The same technology that is used in Integuinity can be used also for many other purposes. The high-flying helicopters can fly at 1% of the pressure of the sea level. Can be the next-generation tools for civil and military aviation. 

There is the possibility that the similar helicopters that the Integuinity are will use to rise the rocket which mission is to return the samples from the red planet to Earth to the launch position. And similar helicopters which are a little bit bigger can use to raise small rockets like Pegasus to the high atmosphere and launch them to Earth orbiter. That thing makes it possible to launch rockets without noise. The helicopter can rise to the high atmosphere even from the parking lot. And then it would just drop that rocket which starts its main engine. 

Image II:() Pegasus under its mother plane waiting for the aerial launch.

Also, those high-flying helicopters can operate as surveillance platforms that are equipped with infrared and radar sensors. Those systems can also use things like gamma-cameras and other sensors to find out things like radioactive targets. Those helicopters can hover above a certain point of the ground. And they can follow the pollution, changes in ice and water level. They can offer communication services and replace part of the satellites if somewhere is needed extra-power for the data network. 

Those systems can also follow the growth of the plantations. And they can be big ammo over the battlefield. They can observe aircraft that are flying under them and give warnings about the troops. Also in some visions. Those systems can equip with lasers or some other type of weapons like EMP and neutron bombs. That means they could be the "aerial minefield". If somebody will try to flight across those helicopters, they might detonate their weapons. If the system uses the EMP warhead it can destroy things like drone swarms. 

Image I()https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-ingenuity-helicopter-flying-on-mars-is-getting-harder-and-harder/

Image II:()https://eu.floridatoday.com/story/tech/science/space/2018/10/19/pegasus-rocket-headed-cape-canaveral-launch-next-week/1695240002/

()https://visionsoftheaiandfuture.blogspot.com/

Elon Musk and nuking Mars-planet and terraformation of other words

Elon Musk and nuking Mars-planet and terraformation of other words

Elon Musk has introduced an idea, that we would nuke planet Mars, but the thing is that if we would want to just remove our nukes by exploding them the Sun would be better placed for that kind of an operation because the influence of those explosives would be minimum in that case. But in the case of terraforming the red planet, the nukes would be an effective way to sterilize the core of that planet.

The thing is that if we would like to terraform some other planet and live on its surface as we have lived on Earth, we must realize that there would be a problem with that thing. That problem is the primitive lifeforms, what can live on that planet, and one version of those lifeforms might be lifeform, what has been traveled on that world with a badly sterilized space probe. That thing can cause the evolution, that the bacteria would turn dangerous.

The problem of that thing would be the nuclear winter and a huge cloud of dust on that planet, which means that the increasing the carbon dioxide level on the atmosphere would take longer in that case. So nuking planet Mars would not have hoped effect. The thing is that before we can begin the terraformation, we must be sure, that there would not be any bacteria, what can cause infections.

But that thing is ahead in the distant future. If we would want to nuke some planet and hope to do something positive, we might think planet Venus. On the surface of that planet, the extreme nuclear winter might have a good effect and that would be a positive thing for hypothetical colonization of the planet Venus. But the radioactive cloud and waste would be problematic, and that's why we should forget those ideas of nuking some planets. But what kind of process the terraformation of the planet Venus could be?

Mars has very weak gravity and the problem is that the atmosphere would escape to space. And that's why the terraformation of Mars is quite difficult. So in the point of view of the stabilizing the atmosphere, Venus would be a more suitable planet for terraformation than Mars, because of stronger gravity guarantees that the atmosphere would not escape to space.

The planet Venus would have similar gravity field with Earth, and the problem is the extreme heat in the atmosphere of that planet. The idea would be simple, the carbon dioxide atmosphere would be filtered by using chemical filter and bacteria, what isolates oxygen from the carbon dioxide. And the level of the radiation would be decreased by using some big asteroid or mylar layer, which denies the sunlight from the planet.

Those layers could be like solar sails, but their mission would decrease the level of sunlight. And on the atmosphere would send the laboratories, what is connected with airships. In those laboratories would be grown the photosynthetic bacteria and cells, what mission is to increase the oxygen level on the atmosphere of planet Venus. Also, the sulfur eating bacteria, what would terminate the sulfur acid from the clouds of Venus, and the mylar layers would decrease the level of radiation, that the surface temperature of Venus would be decreased.

Sometimes I think that maybe someday in the future, would many other planets terraformed, and some of them might be members of other solar systems. In those cases, the surface of the planets might be sterilized by using high-power microwaves, because that denies the infections of the dangerous bacteria. But in those cases, we must feel a very great responsibility, because if we would create the new Earth, should we continue our lifestyle in that new same way as people have done on Earth.

What if there are some primitive but at the same way intelligent habitants? Should we play god to them and give every kind of technology in their hands, or wait that they could learn to make things on their own? This is the problem in the colonization of the Universe. But it is also been a problem with the relationship with Europeans and native people on the Earth.

And somebody has introduced a nice idea, that the human race is some kind of primitive villain on the Universe, and humanoids would follow, how we advancing. Maybe that is true maybe not, but this is one thing, what we should think if we someday will travel to the stars. In those cases, we could be the superior humanoids for some primitive humanoid race, and that's the thing, what we should think. Should we play god or let those beings alone? And should we destroy things like asteroids what are threating those aliens?

NASA plans to build the RTG-powered drone, what will operate inside Titan-moon atmosphere

NASA plans to build the RTG-powered drone, what will operate inside Titan-moon atmosphere

Titan moon is a very extraordinary moon in our solar system because it's the thick atmosphere and weak gravity, which makes it really interesting because it should not have that atmosphere. And that would make that moon a very good target for nuclear-powered quadcopter, what can operate in its atmosphere even years.

The thing is that the normal quadcopter can handle that mission, but the problem is the huge distance. That makes impossible to control that drone directly from the Earth. The system that uses artificial intelligence must have very powerful computers, and this makes that kind of mission very difficult to accomplish. The system should have the capacity for independent and autonomous operations.

In some scenarios even more sophisticated and effective systems would follow this Titan probe. Those systems would base the technology, which is created to HAVOC (High Altitude Venus Operational Concept) -program. In this version, the high- altitude airship communicates with the drones, what are flying near the surface of Titan or Venus. The system can use "green energy" and in some scenarios, the system would transmit the electricity to the drone swarm by using maser-transmitters. 

https://sacd.larc.nasa.gov/smab/havoc/

This kind of systems is really difficult to create because there is no time and room for mistakes. And this makes the creation of this kind of systems and especially required computer programs really complicated. In some scenarios, this kind of systems has central component, what would operate as the central processing unit, and the other drones, what is simpler and smaller.

The idea is that those sub-drones can dive in the oceans of Titan and observe the world, what is totally different than our own. In fact in the future to the other planets would send the drone swarms, where simpler drones would create the data network by using modems. The swarm of small quadcopters can cover larger areas than single drones, and the swarm can lose a single drone, and it can still continue the mission.

And in this case, other parts of nuclear-powered drones can wait in high-altitude, and that high-altitude swarm can send the replacement units to the swarm, what operates in low altitude for replacing the destroyed parts of the swarm. Those drones could be similar quadcopters, what is tested in the military areas. They can operate by using small size plutonium-batteries, and they can operate in the atmosphere of other planets a very long time.

https://gizmodo.com/nasa-is-officially-sending-an-aerial-drone-to-titan-and-1835918159

Spacecraft and quadcopters

Spacecraft and quadcopters

Quadcopters are actually tools, which can be connected to the spacecraft. And in the wildest scenarios the spacecraft, what uses WARP drive would be actually fly in the atmosphere by same way with quadcopter, and when this craft would need the extreme speed, the wheels would turn to line, and start the suck ions through the line of those rotors, and in this scenario the frames of rotors would be used as the magnetic accelerators.

Or actually, the air condition tube-shaped magnetic rail can adjust between those magnets, and it can be made by using manipulator's hand, what would pull the magnets between the frames of the rotors, and the electricity can conduct to that track by using those frames. And the auxiliary magnets would be connected to another frame, or there can be another magnet between those frames.

Egg-shaped craft, what can connect to the quadcopter. The quadcopter can operate separate and it can take the hula wheel over the craft when it should be moved, and the idea is that the power source of that may be very small size vehicle would be in the quadcopter. By using external power source might be possible to create small size interplanetary spacecraft, what can take samples from Mars or other inner planets to Earth. There could be MDD tube inside the egg, and the quadcopter can also make electric arc inside that vehicle. The electric arc can give the thrust to that system.

Small-size spacecraft can use quadcopter as the auxiliary power

Or in the more conventional system the thing can use the parachute or large Mylar balloon, and under it would create rising air by using electric arc, and this is only the electric version of the hot-air balloon, where the torch has been replaced by using electrodes, and between them is forming an electric arc. The metal covered layer can be used to transfer electricity to the system. The electricity can be delivered by using maser. what allows to transfer electricity to that vehicle from Earth by using radio telescopes or that layer can be covered by solar panels, and if those panels are targeted with laser, that allows operating the dark side of planet Venus. That thing can deliver electric power to the egg, and the magnetic channel, what would go through it.

For the last was given the idea of one scenario, what was made under the control of the national security council. The idea was that in the hostile territory would be dropped or otherwise assemble the subcritical nuclear weapons, where the plutonium bites were put in the lithium or potassium. In the crisis situation, the quadcopters would land on them, and point the microwave radiation in that device, what might explode causing a nuclear explosion, what can destroy the entire city.