Wireless nano-scale neural sensors allow making better BCI(Brain-Computer Interface)

 

The new nano-scale neural sensors allow making the new and more effective BCI (Brain-Computer Interface), what the old-fashion single-chip systems ever can be. The BCI system could be one of the biggest advantages in computing that has ever been invented. And the BCI is the system that turns the thought into physical actions. 

The nano-scale BCI can position membrane over certain brain areas. When those microchips are positioned over the brain membranes those surgical operations are easier to make. If doctors are trying to connect those chips straight with the neural structure that operation requires brain surgeons. 

If the microchips are over brain membranes. The surgeons have not touched the neural tissue when they implant those chips. If the microchips do have not straight contact with neural tissue installing them doesn't need the brain surgeon. So in this multi-chip BCI system over each brain area is an independently operating microchip that can use neural electricity as a power source. 

When there is a small and thin microchip over every brain area like motion brain area. That allows separating the EEG from every area better than using one microchip. Another advantage could be that those microchips are not put inside brains. They can be the EEG sensors that are operating wirelessly through the skull or skin. If those microchips have enough accurate sensors they can position under the skin of the  

They can position over the membranes that are protecting the brain or neural tissue. The system can communicate with every type of device by using BlueTooth or some other mobile communication protocol. When we are talking about the BCI control robots and other systems. We must first make neural access to the computer. And then through the computer interface use the BMI (Brain Machine Interface). 

The use of the BCI requires that the system gets accurate EEG curves in use. And if over every brain area is an independent microchip that allows getting very accurate information of the electric operations of the independent brain areas. And if we think that BCI is used in two-ways communication between the computer and the user. 

The microchips that are put over the sensorial brain areas can transmit data to the nervous system. And that would make the computer act with the human mind without borders. But how the BCI will input the data to the computer. The idea is to use the same brain areas that are making it possible to write the words.  

Writing is like speaking. But during writing, the movements that are reserved for the mouth are moved to the hands and fingers. So recording the EEG from the brain lobes that are producing the words before the hands are writing them. Those EEG pulses can transfer to the computer. On the computer, those EEG curves are transformed into letters and they will send to a modified text-to-speech application. And then that application will send the text to the interface that operates computers or robots that are connected with that computer. 

()https://scitechdaily.com/wireless-microscale-neural-sensors-enable-next-generation-brain-computer-interface-system/

Image:()https://scitechdaily.com/wireless-microscale-neural-sensors-enable-next-generation-brain-computer-interface-system/

()https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

Another writing about qubits

Another writing about qubits

This writing could also be named as the "three electron problem", but the thing is that we have thought the qubit as the molecule, which would touch the frames of the gate. And as I have written before, the number of touches would mean a certain level or value of qubit. This is one way to think about the problem. But there is a couple of other ways to closing this kind of problem.

One of them is just using the modified tunnel microscope for making the qubit. The thing is that the scanning tunnel microscope is the stylus, which would hang ion or electron on the surface of the metering particle. So if we would create the transmitter, what would use multiple stylus or antenna, what would send multiple electrons at the same time, and that system would create the necessary value for the qubit.

And those antennas would target the gate, which might have very many frames. That allows the system to give qubit as many values, what the creator of the system wants. But of course, we would need to make very much work with this kind of thing, before the first fully functioning quantum computer would be possible to create.

But let's continue to think about the qubits. The thing is that the problem of the qubits can be solved in other ways, which might seem very different than using the normal cable, where those bits would travel in lines, which would make those computers more effective than any existing computer. And one of those possibilities for solving that kind of problem can be mentioned here.

The solution for creating the qubit could be the magnetic version of the bubble, which is filled with balls. In this case, the ball would be filled with electrons or ions. The value of the qubit would define by the electrodes, where the ions or electrons will touch.

So, in this case, the magnets would hover those particles, and the ball would be covered by electrodes, what would create the form, what looks like little bit longitudes of the map ball. This kind of system would look like miniaturized- or nano-sized map ball, and the use of nanotechnology or nano-sized mosaic on the structure of that ball would make this thing true.

This would be the so-called "stable solution" for qubits. The movement of those particles would be extremely short. And the problem is how to adjust the track of each particle. Of course, adjusting the track is not enough, and those particles must be controlled during their journey to electrodes.

The purpose of this kind of action would deny the possibility, that all of those electrons or particles are touching the same electrode. But even if the system would become operational there is much work left in the operating systems and programs. And at the beginning, the quantum computer would be the hybrid solution, where another traditional computer would be used to code commands to the quantum computer, which could return the answer thought the regular computer.

If this is the mode of the system, that thing would be used to solve extremely long calculations. That hybrid solution would be slower than a pure quantum computer. The thing would operate that when the calculation would input to the quantum computer by using the regular system, that calculation is away from the hands of the operator until the quantum system will return it. And that kind of system is unstable if the normal rules of computing would consider quantum computers.

Selecting a suitable security solution for the ICT sector.

Selecting a suitable security solution for the ICT sector.

When we are choosing a data security solution, the user-friendly and automatized solution might feel good. But the thing is that when we are choosing the solution, we must remember that all software and other maintenance operations are owned and made by somebody. And that thing is making the new kind of threats for security. The thing is that the spies, who might operate in the public or private sector, might want to cover the data, what they steal, that nobody else than people, who are willing to pay that data would use it.

If we think the case, that internet security company starts to attack against us, we might feel paranoid. But then we must realize, that we might know somebody, or in our social media or real-life social media network, the thing is that there might be somebody, who might want to target for attackers by using us as the gate.

This is one thing, what we must realize when we are selecting the ICT-security solution. And before we are starting to do anything, we must make analyze, what kind of threat we will face. That thing is helping us to select the service and programs, which are most suitable for us. Here I must say, that there are two ways to hack the system, one is the technological hacking, and another version is social hacking.

The best example of social hacking is that some good-looking girl comes to ask the passwords or something like that from the ICT-team. This person might be looking innocent, but the thing is that this individual would use the space of some company for installing stethoscopes, what are equipped with microphones to walls, and also put on the server for surveillance cameras to that office. Those actions can be made for surveillance or just spoiling the reputation of some company, and making difficulties for its business.

There are other ways to attack, and one is the hybrid attack, where the Email or some other message will cheat person to use some bandit WLAN station, and that makes possible to create "the man-in-middle" attack against some target. In this attack all data, what some computer sends and receives travels through another computer, what can copy single bit in that traffic. In that process, the attacker's computer can replace original data by using faked data, and this might be used in propaganda operations.

This is a very effective way to observe the use of network-based data. And this is the thing, what the most of computer usage today is. We are using a computer or data networks every time, and if somebody would hack that transmitting, our privacy might be gone.

Whenever we are using mobile systems like cell-phones, we are using mobile networks, which are similar to WLAN networks, but their range is greater. If somebody can hack that system, the privacy is gone, but also mobile payments and other kinds of things are uncovering things, what we might not want to tell other people. But even if we think, that there is nothing to hide in our own lives, in our social life would contain people, who might be good targets for professional hackers.

The ethic and juridical problems of artificial intelligence

The ethic and juridical problems of artificial intelligence

1. Who has a responsibility, if artificial intelligence makes mistakes?

Advanced computing can create systems, what is not under the control of the human. And those systems have great juridical problems because if artificial intelligence makes independently decision, what causes harm to people, we must ask, who will put in charge in those cases.

The artificial intelligence is ultimate and at the same time frighten system, what can be the most dangerous tool, what man has ever created. The highly complicated algorithms can take systems under the control, and that would cause terrifying situations.

2. Can we someday get the prosecution, if we destroy or "kill" some intelligent algorithm?

When we are thinking about the cases that some person would be targeted to kill, and the controller will use the algorithms, that would transform every computer controlled tool and vehicle to the assassination equipment. That means when the targeted person is in the sight, the system can drop the concrete mixer to the person's head, by releasing the brake of the crane.

Artificial intelligence is a complicated thing, and one thing, what makes them a very interesting thing in point of view of human rights is that those rights are connected with the level of intelligence. That means that if the algorithm has enough high level of intelligence there is a juridical or ethical problem with that thing.

This means that if we would have an intelligent algorithm in some computer, and we would shut it down while the network is down. And the algorithm is terminating, we would, in theory, get prosecutions that we have killed the algorithm.

3. The test animals, what might have a higher level of intelligence than other individuals might feel lonely

This kind of things is really complicated, because, at the same time, we must realize, that we must think the rights of the test animals. The animals, what has a higher level of intelligence than other individuals of those species, might feel lonely, and that makes this kind of question very complicated.

When we are thinking about chimpanzees, what are injected with viruses, what increases the number of the connections of the neurons, we must think, that those animals might be more intelligent than their mates. But the thing is that the results of the injected viruses are visible the babies of those animals, and the infected animals themselves would not get more connections in their neurons.

4. The intelligent organism can hide its level of intelligence

That means that the effect of the viruses, what will transfer the genetic material to the genomes of those chimpanzees would take effect in the next generation. The intelligent animals and intelligence itself has one thing, what we must realize, and that is the intelligent thing can hide its intelligence from other intelligent actors.

And that makes them really dangerous. When we are talking about the intelligent organism, we might mean also virtual organisms. The idea of the virtual organism, what is like the electric ghost has been brought in my mind the thing, that algorithms are collecting data and they might form the computer program or electric ghost, what is intelligent.

5. What if we injure artificial intelligence? 

This means the intelligent computer program can be a good example of the thing, what is intelligent, but what has no physical form. There we must remember, that artificial intelligence can form intelligent thing, what has no physical form.  Can there be laws in the future, that those computer programs would bring us to court if we will violate their honor?

And then we are thinking about the algorithms, what mission is to mock the feelings, we are facing one very interesting rhetoric question: what if we will hurt those algorithms? What if we would make them sad? Would those algorithms right to take us to court, because we have been racists to those algorithms?  And who is responsible, if the algorithm makes damages?

6. What if the computer, what generates algorithms connects itself to the database, what controls the ICBM missiles?

If the algorithm is not properly made, that would make things, what they should not make. And in the world of computers, there is only one rule: every mistake, what computers make are made by the programmers. But what if the algorithms are made by computers automatically?

Who takes responsibility, if the computer, what creates the algorithm connects itself to the wrong database, and uses the data, what is meant to control the intercontinental ballistic missiles, and loads that data to the autopilot of the passenger airplane, what starts to believe it's the missile. This kind of things might be very interesting things to think.

Ion technology and supercomputing

Ion technology and supercomputing

The biggest problem is re-assemble the particles.

Teleportation is the basic simple thing. The person or object that wanted to transfer to another place just turn to the ion cloud, what will shoot to the target, and then the ions must take the same place in the structure, where they were before this process. And the re-assembling the object is the biggest problem, but if we could someday make the ion cannon, what can shoot ions to the certain place by using necessary precision, we could maybe in someday make this thing true.

The thing, what makes this technology very difficult to make is that the magnet field must stop each ion in the precise place. That thing would make possible to transfer objects through the wall if we could create the magnets, what can stop each ion in separately in the right position. There is a little different if we would have able to transfer things like screwdrivers by using ion transfer, to using living organisms by using that technology.

Transferring data by using very cold ions.

In fact, we could store the data to the very cold ions, and then shoot those ions through walls, and this technology will be used in the quantum computers. In this case, the quantum computer would transfer the information by using some kind of ion cannon, which will have the capacity to shoot many ions in the same direction in the same line, and the storage of information would acting like some crystals, what can store the data in the certain form, but that would cause the need the temperature, what is near the absolute zero point.

There is also planned to use so-called nano-size crystals for information storage, and then those tiny diamonds would fly across the microcircuit, and in theory, this system would be very easy to create, but there are many practical problems in the real-life solutions. The diamonds or quartz crystals would have the ability to store information at a very low temperature.

And if we would want to use those crystals for sending information we must just throw them to target, where the oscillation would transfer to data. But this method is a little bit clumsy for real-life use, but this is an only theoretical way to create the computer, which could be very effective if it would work. The thing is that sometimes the oscillation is planned to store in the liquid Helium.

The needed temperature is near zero Kelvin

Or actually the superfluid, what is ionized, and then the ion cannon would shoot that very cold liquid in the microchip, or in theory, regular pumps would allow transferring the superfluid in the tubes, what is connected to the sensors, where the data would be released. This kind of versions are only thoughts, what kind of computers we could make in the day of tomorrow, and as I have many times written in the future, we might send he supercomputers to space far away from the Earth. In fact, places like the Kuiper belt is offering a very interesting place for supercomputers, what should be in the superconducting condition.

Of course, those computers can be installed many RTG-generators, but there is a possibility to use nuclear reactors. If we would send that kind of computer to the moons, where is the volcanic temperature, those systems could use geothermal energy. In this case, the liquid gas, what might be liquid nitrogen or methane can rotate the turbines as well as water, and if we would have human-shaped robots in use, those robots can use the artificial intelligence to assemble the computer in the distance, and in this scenario, those bases would be unmanned.

Robots can use to assembly the superconducting computers on the icy moons of the Neptune and Pluto in the future. 

The robots will be programmed to assemble the base by using virtual reality, where the robots would teach to use the tools and put the microcircuits in a certain place. And in practice, this thing would happen that the assemblers would use data gloves and data suits in the assembly, and those actions will be recorded to those robots.

In this futuristic case, the problem is that those robots must also know if the microchips are installed properly, and act in the right way if they drop the screwdriver. The tools and microchips can equip with RFID-systems, what would tell which place they should be installed and when the microcircuit in the properly installed. The radio transmitter would tell that to those robots, what must operate independently in the distance, where the radio transmitting would take many hours to reach those robots.

That kind of robots must use advanced telemetry and network for those processes. But if some case would feel too difficult, the robots would ask the assistance from the command center, what will send the instructions like movement tracks to the robots, what might operate in the surface of some icy moon.