The new futuristic solar-electric thruster is opening the new road to the asteroid belt and inner solar system.

NASA:s new Psyche probe would send to the asteroid belt for taking samples of those rocks. The asteroid belt is one of the most promising areas for space mining. Those systems would act very simple way. In the first version, the spacecraft just closes the promising asteroid in the plastic bag and pulls it to the Earth orbiter. And then robots will cut it in pieces and send those bites to the Earth by using returning capsules. In the more futuristic scenario, the asteroids will cut in pieces at the asteroid belt, and then the mass drivers would send them to Earth. 

The mass drivers would shoot those asteroid bites to the mylar or kevlar net. The system would decrease the speed of those bites by targeting the magnetic field that has the same polarity as the bite of the asteroid. And in that case, the magnetic push effect will slow those objects. The problem is that those bites must react to magnets. So in that case the system can connect the iron bite to other materials. And shoot them to Earth by using magnetic rail guns. 

Psyche spacecraft can also be the model for the new type of spacecraft which uses solar-powered ion thruster inside the asteroid belt. But when the solar energy turns too low. The system will turn to use the nuclear reactor as the power source. The nuclear reactor's heat exchanger piping can install in the long solar panels. Those kinds of systems can travel to the solar system and take samples from the moons of the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn. 

The new concept in Psyche spacecraft is that system uses the ion engine that gets its power from solar panels. The thruster uses possible xenon ions to maneuver the spacecraft at the asteroid belt. The ion thruster can use all kinds of ions. And if the polarity of ions is opposite. There is needed the switch. That turns the order of the poles of the magnets that are accelerating those ions opposite. 

The Psyche can be the pathfinder to a new type of interplanetary spacecraft that can use solar power. When they are traveling inside the asteroid belt. But outside the asteroid belt where solar energy turns weak. That system can turn to use nuclear reactors. That thing saves nuclear fuel for the missions that go farther in the solar system. 

Long and powerful solar panels can also work as the structure for the reactor's cooling system. The heat exchanger piping is easy to install with those solar panels. And those long wings can also operate as platforms for powerful radars. The new spacecraft would be unmanned and they are acting as pathfinders for the manned spaceflights in the solar system. 

()https://scitechdaily.com/futuristic-solar-electric-thrusters-makes-nasas-psyche-spacecraft-go/

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()https://visionsoftheaiandfuture.blogspot.com/

Another visitor comes to our solar system

Another visitor comes to our solar system

Comet or Asteroid 2I/Borisov is the second interstellar object, that arrives at our solar system. The trajectory of that comet or particle has been calculated back to the red dwarf system, which is known as Krueger 60, and if the spectrum analysis of that particle matches with Oamuamua, that means that there was happened something in the Krueger 60 system, or somewhere else. 

The thing is that we cannot possibly calculate the trajectory of that particle before it was left the Krueger 60 system. The reason for that is also the red dwarf star would act as the gravity sling and turn the route of the particle. 

And the origin of that asteroid can be tracked by "simply" making the spectroscopic analysis of the dust, what orbits Krueger 60 star. If there are similarities with the spectrum of those particles of the dust and asteroids, what is orbiting the Krueger 60 and the incoming particle, the origin of those particles would be confirmed as Krueger 60. But if there are differences between the elements of Krueger 60, Oamuamua and the 2I/Borisov means that the objects are leaving from some other solar system, or they are from some different places. 

And if two similar asteroids are coming to our solar system that would tell that there is some kind of eruption happened in some solar system. One of the most fascinating ideas would be that some nova or supernova eruption has broken some planet, and those two asteroids or comets would be from the same point in our galaxy. Or by the way, who told that those particles are coming from our galaxy? 

One of the most fascinating theories is that those particles could come from another galaxy. In this case, the giant black hole would send those asteroids on the journey, and then after billions of years the particles would arrive at Krueger 60 system, and then the gravity sling would turn their road to our solar system. But the thing is that this kind of thing is full of theories, and we cannot even imagine, where the interstellar particles would come from. 

Those particles can travel billions of years, and nobody knows, would some things like cosmic radiation and other energy eruptions affect the trajectory of what those particles have traveled in the space. Even if the movement of trajectory is about a millionth of degrees, that thing has to affect if the particle would travel billions of years. And that's why the calculation of the beginning of the journey is very difficult and confirming the results is even more difficult. 

https://www.space.com/mysterious-comet-interstellar-krueger-borisov.html?utm_source=notification

Could asteroid transform Mars to the habitable planet?

Could asteroid transform Mars to the habitable planet?

The hitting red planet by using asteroid could make it habitable, say scientists. The idea is the one version of nuke that planet, and the idea is that the high-energy impact of the asteroid would vaporize the surface and carbon-dioxide storages under the surface and that gas would make the atmosphere of Mars thicker, and the transformation would continue by that way.

But there is another possibility what could go wrong in that case, because the needed meteorite is very big because it must cause the transformation in the entire atmosphere of the planet. The impact could send the very huge mass of the material of that planet to space. And otherwise, a very huge mass of the carbon dioxide can flee from the atmosphere of the red planet. This means that the gas of atmosphere, what is the key element in this kind of operation would turn thinner than it ever has been.

Of course, we could use the rain of meteorites, which will turn the planet hemisphere to lava. Those meteorites could also increase the mass of the red planet, that it can keep the artificial atmosphere easier. That thing would release the huge mass of carbon dioxide and methane to the atmosphere. But then we will face another problem. That problem is how we could stabilize the atmosphere. The weak gravity along with weak magnetic field turns the operation very difficult. And if the large mass of the gas starts to flee from the atmosphere would the project turn to extremely difficult.

But this kind of things is fascinating. One answer to make the atmosphere thicker is just bring the carbon dioxide from the other places like planet Earth, and then release it to the atmosphere of Mars. The carbon dioxide is along with methane very strong greenhouse gas, and when the planet would be covered by a very thick atmosphere, the vegetables like alga and photosynthetic bacteria can deliver to that atmosphere, and they can isolate carbon from carbon dioxide, just like they would do in Venus, in the plans that are made for turning Venus to habitable planet.

The surface of the red planet might be covered with radio transmitters or some other systems that will transmit electromagnetic radiation to space. The purpose of that radiation would create the electromagnetic shield, what will turn the solar wind or rather saying the ion flow, what comes from the sun away it's surface. That shield denies the ions to blow the gas from the atmosphere away from the planet.

But in this case, those bacteria are doing that thing in an artificial atmosphere. The algae would put in the tanks and the carbon dioxide could conduct through them, and the mission of those systems is to protect those cells against ultraviolet radiation. The thing is that what larger area those oxygenators would cover, the lower is the time, what transformation takes.

And the methane would also be suitable gas for that operation, because it is heavy, which makes easier to create thick atmosphere. The transformation of the red planet to habitable is only theory. But as I have written before this text the small size meteorites can be used also for another purpose, and that is increasing the mass of the red planet. If the extremely large mass of cosmic sand and stones would be driven to the red planet, that thing would increase its mass, and then the stronger gravity would help to keep the gas over it.