The future of interstellar spacecraft.

  

The future of interstellar spacecraft. 

The interstellar spacecraft might not come to practice very soon. But the fact is that theoretical research. Along with careful missions is opening the road to the interstellar journey. And maybe the time of that mission will come in 200-300 years. The fact is that nobody knows when we are ready to travel to the other solar system. When we remember history many things have been "impossible".  

The Chinese knew how to make gunpowder rockets in the 200s(1). And the Russian Konstantin Tsiolkovsky(2)(1857-1935) created theoretical research with rocketry and spaceflight in the 19th century. The thing is that things like interplanetary spaceflights. And space elevators(3) are also invented by Konstantin Tsilkovsky. 

Image 2: Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (1857-1935)

That man is called "the Father of the spaceflight". Tsiolkovsky also created research and articles about "lighter than air aviation". There was a rumor that Tsiolkovsky created an idea to use the hydrogen balloon or high-flying airship to carry space rockets to the high altitude. And then launch that rocket to the orbiter or sub-orbiting trajectory. 

The hydrogen balloon can lift the rocket to an altitude of 30 kilometers. And that thing could make it possible to launch smaller rockets to the orbiter. But for some reason, that plan remained at the theoretical level. And that reason could be bureaucracy. 

The thing is that technology advances all the time. And maybe the advancing of technology is faster than we think. The thing is that the first interstellar mission might become reality sooner than we expect. The thing is that the theory is the first step for making dreams real. And modern scientists have more advanced tools and experience than Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. 

But there are many things. What that man invented and what remains at the theoretical level. One of his greatest ideas is the space elevator. That giant structure that uses the centripetal force of the Earth is ever created in practice.  

Image 3: The Daedalus and Saturn V comparison

The British Interplanetary Society. And theoretical Project Daedalus(3) and its improvements. 

There are a couple of theoretical concepts for interstellar spacecraft. All of those concepts are probes. And the carefully made steps will open the road for successful manned interstellar missions far away in the future. But the first interstellar concepts would be more primitive than some SciFi spacecraft that travels across the galaxy in a couple of weeks. 

In the 1970s the British interplanetary society created Daedalus. Theoretical spacecraft. That could travel to Barnard's star. Daedalus planned to use thermonuclear detonations for reaching that distant star. In the updated version the Daedalus uses antimatter. 

When Daedalus closes the objective of its mission. That craft will create antimatter by using an antimatter generator. The antimatter would be created by benefiting the solar wind which impacts the gold leaf. That thing turns those particles into antimatter. That thing makes it possible that Daedalus II could bring samples from the solar system where it visits. 

NASA has created an idea of "Project Longshot" (4) which is quite similar to Daedalus. As I earlier wrote the both of those theoretical crafts are unmanned. So there are no worries about the lifetime of astronauts. But of course, there is the possibility that the theoretical interstellar probe is forgotten if there is some kind of other problems on Earth.  But the time of that craft will be far away in the future. 

(1)http://en.chinaculture.org/created/2005-07/21/content_70826.htm

(2)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky

(3)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_elevator

(4)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

(5)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Longshot

Image 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky

Image 2: Pinterest

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Thoughts of the futuristic image. And the "Cherenkov-thruster".

Image: Pinterest

This vision might be true in the distant future. The spacecraft has landed on the planet, which orbits the black hole. Maybe someday far away from this moment, some spacecraft will face this situation. But today that thing is only the imaginational or philosophical visions.

The image of crashlanding near the black hole is causing many types of thoughts in my mind. The question is can this kind of thing be the future of mankind? When we are thinking about the radiation of the black hole there is the possibility that the craft is pushing it outwards by using the x-ray counter radiation. If the jammer system can shoot the radiation back to the environment. 

That thing makes it possible to decrease the radiation stress to the body of the craft. The counter radiation or the photon impacting is the thing that might make the craft even invisible to its environment. If the system uses the photon impact it can deny the reflection. When we are analyzing this image, we must ask what the craft is doing? Is it loading its antimatter batteries by using the radiation of the black hole? Is that plate some kind of antimatter creator? Or is it some kind of radar which mission is to search the minerals from the ground? Or is the craft making the black hole in that plate?

If we are thinking of real interstellar space travel there are many things to solve before that thing can be done even by using the highly advanced multipurpose artificial intelligence. Of course, the craft could be the remote-controlled robot that uses the man-shaped sub robots for its mission. 

The system can use superpositioned and entangled particles for communication. In that system, the other side of the particle pairs is in the laboratory. And other is connected to the central computer of the spacecraft. In that case, the information is traveling like in the stick.

The superpositioned and entangled particle pair is acting like the needle and rod of the old-time LP player. And that thing makes it possible to communicate with distant spacecraft in real-time. But getting the spacecraft to another solar system takes its time. 

The information can travel between Earth and distant craft very fast. But the craft itself travels with very slow speed if we want to compare that thing with the distances in the universe. So can we someday make the spacecraft that travels faster than the speed of light? In some ideas, the quantum field around the spacecraft is removed. Or the quantum field at the front of the engine nozzle is removed. And the rocket shoots the high-energetic particle radiation through that area. 

The simplified diagram of "Cherenkov-thruster"

The simplified model of Cherenkov thruster.

1) Area where the quantum fields are removed

2) Particle flow

3) Areas where quantum fields are affecting. 

When the high-energetic particles are traveling in the vacuum where the quantum fields are not affecting they are traveling faster than the speed of light. When those particles hit the quantum field they are delivering their kinetic energy as the blue light flash. 

The second quantum layer can be the membrane that is made by using water molecules. That is positioned at the edge of the nozzle by using powerful magnets. But this type of thing is far in the future. 

The "Cherenkov-thuster"

Cherenkov-engine is the hybrid system that shoots high-energetic particles through the area where the quantum fields are removed. When those particles would hit the quantum field that thing would send the blue light flash. So there is the possibility that in the future. This kind of boosted photon rocket will send some kind of craft to other solar systems. 

In some visions in the engine chamber is created the black hole. That black hole shoots its radiation through the area where the quantum fields and scattering effects are removed. The problem is how to make that in practice. But maybe that problem will solve in the future. 

When the system shoots the radiation through that area. And it faces the point where the quantum fields are starting to affect it sends the photon or blue light flash. 

That kind of system can be called as "Cherenkov engine". The engine uses the slowing of the particles when they come from a vacuum to an effective area of the quantum field. So the Cherenkov engine will shoot extremely fast particles to the quantum bubble and those particles are sending photons and push the craft forward. The push against the quantum bubble will increase the thrust of the engine. And along with the ability to use heavier particles than photons is giving more thrust for that system. 

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