How fast is the growing speed of the Universe?

How fast is the growing speed of the Universe?

The shape of the universe.

What is the shape of the universe? (1) This is a very good question because that speed can explain, why we cannot see the location of the big bang. In somewhere past the cosmologists got a fascinating idea that galaxies would be in the layer of the ball, what is called as the universe, and then by searching the directions of the galaxies, the researchers could define the point, where the big bang happened, and then the telescopes would be turned to the "south pole" of the galaxy.

One of the things is that I'm talking here the direction of the galaxy, what is to the direction of the point, where the big bang happened as the "south pole", and in fact, the black holes might have polar like planets and stars. The idea was simply the position of the galaxy is telling, where the big bang was, and then the telescopes would easily find that point.

And then the astronomers were looking at the stars more and more effective telescopes, and they noticed that there were many galaxies in location, what supposed to be in the direction of the big bang. But as you see the scientists must sometimes adjust their theories, because observations are chancing our knowledge.

The idea of a two-dimensional ball-layer changed to the combination of the multiple models, and the thing, what kind of model of the universe is used depends on the scale. as you might know, the Universe is very big, and if we would look at things by using the very large scale model, we would think that the universe is the straight layer, and that model could be suitable in the local galaxy group.

But then the thing, what is called "U-shaped" or saddle from would turn to dominate, if the scale is smaller, and the observed area, of the universe, is getting bigger. Then the universe is turning to the ball, if the area, what observer sees is big enough. And here I must say, that the observer is always hypothetical. I have thought the universe as the 3D ball-layer, where the galaxies are in the different locations and positions, and the width of this layer is extremely large.

Why the expansion speed of the Universe is slower than it should (2)

By using the most modern telescopes, we can see the distances of billions of light-years. That means that we can see objects from that distance. The distance of a farthest known galaxy is 13 billion light-years and the size of the universe is 46 billion light-years. So we see things, what is happening in the 13 billion years ago.

But when we are thinking that we cannot see the big bang, there is one very interesting theory, and that thing is that the beginning of the existence of the expanding speed of the universe was near the speed of light. And then it started to slow. There should be something, that slows that speed, and that would mean that there is a massive black hole in the place, where the big bang has happened.

The real number of expanding the speed of expanding the universe is about 67 meters per second, and that means that there is something, that would break the expansion speed. That thing could be the mutual gravity of the galaxies, the dark material, and the last hypothesis is that in the center of the universe is the giant black hole, what is larger than any galaxy, and that thing would pull the galaxies to it. This thing makes science very nice before we can create and confirm the models of everything, we must realize, that everything is possible in the world, where black holes are dominating their environment, and massive eruptions are disturbing the harmony.
(1)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe
(2)
https://www.avaruus.fi/uutiset/kosmologia-ja-teoreettinen-fysiikka/maailmankaikkeuden-laajenemisnopeus-ei-tasmaa-olemme-jattaneet-jotain-huomioimatta-kosmologisessa-mallissa.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_of_the_universe

Image:

https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2014/compactgalax.jpg

Even Einstein was human

Even Einstein was human

The problem with Albert Einstein is that he and his ideas are so fantastic and the same time so massive, that we cannot question them. So when we are thinking about Einstein's theories, what was fundamental in his lifetime, or when he introduced them to the world, we must remember two things. 

Einstein didn't have supercomputers, and when he introduced the Theory of Special Relativity in 1905 and Theory of Common Relativity in 1915, those theories became two of the most awesome and well-known formulas. But we don't know why Einstein created those formulas? Who ordered that man make those theories, and what was hypothesis when that job was given to Einstein? 

So there is another thing, what we are many times forget to ask, and that thing is "what were the values, what Einstein used? Did he use the theoretical speed of light, what is 300 000 m/s or did he used the value, what was metered by Michelson, and what is approximately 299 792 458 m/s? The thing is that there are differences with those numbers. And when we are thinking about the time, what Einstein used for creating those formulas, he made excellent work. But he 'forgot that the space is never straight. 

When we are calculating things by using extremely long decimal numbers, we can say that Einstein's formulas are not matching with reality. That means that those famous formulas are working in the common and enough large scale, but when we are going to the very small areas there are mistakes. So Einstein's theories work with entirety, but unique details are problems. This is the problem with physics and every other formula in the world. 

Those formulas are made in the time, there were no supercomputers and float number algorithms, which can handle extremely long decimal numbers, which gives enough accuracy for calculations. Sometimes people have asked, what if the value for the speed of light, what was reported by Michelson was wrong? In that case, every single laser ranger in the world would show the wrong numbers. 

This would open the route for very interesting philosophical discussions about things, what might be wrong, but commonly thought to be right. And if we would someday meter the different value for the speed of light, what would we do? Would we replace the speed of light and other meterings, where were used the laser meter again? 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ov98y_DCvRY

When coincidence destroys common

When coincidence destroys common

The location of the single gas atom is impossible to calculate because it is impossible to create the precise decimal number, which is marking the position and direction of vectors. That means we can put more and more numbers behind the dot, and this makes the calculating precise location of the particle in the 3D universe or space impossible. And here we can go to one of the most interesting things in the black holes and the mathematical formulas, that are using to create the most advanced simulations in theoretical calculation models.

The idea of the black holes is that they are the most dominating objects in the universe, and the particles are falling in that object without disturbing from the forces, what are caused by other objects. So if we would like to adjust those formulas, what is used for making predictions of the movements of atoms and molecules, but for that thing we should take the single, well distinct particle, where we can focus the system, and then we can compare the theoretical results, what the system would give to the results, what we can get from the real life.

This is one way to check those things. When we are creating the models, how the gas is acting in the universe, we must realize that those molecular clouds are the biggest objects in the universe, but the problem is that single molecules are extremely light.

So we can observe the entirety because the universe is so stable place, but the paradox is that it is full of radiation. Another thing in that in the case, where we would want to calculate the movements of the molecules, we can make the observations even hundreds of years, and then comes thing, what we can call as coincidence.

Coincidence can destroy every model in the world and this case, the explosion of supernova can turn the beautiful gas mass what we have observed even years in a couple of seconds, and in this case, the problem is that we cannot notice that kind of chances in the giant gas mass, what size is hundreds of light-years. When the electromagnetic shock-wave would hit to that nebula, it can turn it's the direction or cause the extremely big-size movements in the gas mass.

And this makes adjusting the calculations very difficult because we would want to find the stable gas mass, where are no pulsars or what is not influenced by the radiation, what comes out from impacting black holes and neutron stars. The thing is that we can say, that those phenomena are really interesting, and they give us very much information about the behavior of energy and other things like black holes.

But those coincidences are breaking the stability, what we are needing when we are adjusting calculations. If we want to make formulas and check how well they are fitting to the environment or real life, that means that this kind of testing needs extremely stable conditions.

When we are observing things like impacting black holes, there is a possibility, that this kind of phenomenon is really interesting, but they are not exactly very common cases in the universe. That kind of thing where we are observing billions and billions of particles, we are seeing those things like gamma-bursts all the time, but they are not very common cases.

People who are observing gamma-ray bursts are not making mathematical formulas is the common thing, what people are saying. The thing in the mathematical formulas is that people, who are working with those things are always needed or want the common cases and stable conditions. This means that things like intelligent life-forms and other things are not things, what those people want.

They are needing entirety without uncommon things, and that means they would want to observe the galaxy, where is no single star and every particle has the same size. And rather saying they would want to close that gas galaxy in the giant ball, where is not outer emission to that mass, what they want to use for checking their calculations. And here I must say one thing, we are always confused by coincidence.

A couple of words about theories.

A couple of words about theories.

If we want to prove theories wrong we can use some scientific facts for that. Or we can say that metering systems have been broken in that time. And one version to say that somebody is wrong is argument things by saying that we have believed that thing over 200 years. Or we can say that we have a room at University, and that's why other people must believe us. Then we can go to make publications, which is full of very complicated formulas, and then nobody else understands those things.

Wikipedia is claiming that the computer cannot have a limitless capacity to calculate data. Then we might ask, whoever said the thing, that the computers might have limitless capacity or speed to handle bits. Every tool in the universe has limits. Even theoretical quantum computers have limits. They are fast but not blinding fast. Human brains have also the capacity to handle information. That is the reason, why many people, who are making difficult things have problems to remember some other things, what might feel normal to us.

Theories are theories until they are proven true. And the process for that is that at the first there is theory, then conjecture, what means theory, what is under observation, and after that, the name of the theory is turned to the law od science. A good example of this is the Riemann's conjecture, what is the formula, where is no zero-point, and what is used to calculate the binary numbers in the field of mathematics.

In the calculations like proving the truth that Riemann's conjecture has no zero-point is needed to use very high-power and fast computers. This is a really interesting paradox because if the Riemann's conjecture continues forever without zero-point we cannot ever calculate all numbers. And there is always the possibility that the formula would reach the zero-point in the next number.

So this is one way to observe the calculations, what is needed extreme powerful computers. Those binary numbers are needed to secure data transmission. The idea of mathematics is that this science is a pure abstraction. But the proofing hose formulas must be done by using mathematical rules. This thing is many times mentioned in many books and texts. The thing is that every theory has weaknesses.

When we are talking about geometry, we must remember that the same computers, what are calculating the Riemann's conjecture in the very long time, would handle things like triangles by very high speed. And there is one biggest mystery in mathematics. Does Pi, the relation between the length of the circle and its radius has something called precise value. The computers have calculated billions of numbers for that thing, and that is 3,14 and many numbers behind the dot.

Of course, measurement tools have little bit advanced than in the time of Euclide or Pythagoras. Sometimes I have thought that those men didn't have the compass, which is equipped with the meter, where is possible to mark the beginning point of the circle, and then when the drawer makes the circle the graduation shows the exact length of the circle.

That thing didn't the value of Pi at all, but anyway those tools are really interesting advance for mankind. That is one of the most boring books in the world. This thing has been given an idea to calculate the triangles by using extremely long decimal numbers, and because the results have become more accurate, there is founded mistakes between calculations and real-world images.

So that thing has been brought the new way to think about things. The new evidence would be brought a new kind of tools. And when we are thinking things like cosmology, what is a little bit like physics, there is one difference between those things. The cosmology has lost the will to prove everything by using calculations.

The thing that the black hole pulls material and photons inside it would mean that in this really specific place in the universe could happen something, what is not possible anywhere else. But actually, we cannot know does the black hole even pull anything inside it.