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The new atom clocks make records in time measurement.


"Multilevel atoms on a superradiance potential “rollercoaster” inside an optical cavity. The system can be tuned to generate squeezing in a dark state where it will be immune to superradiance. CreditSteven Burrows/Rey Group". (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap: How Spin Squeezing Pushes Limits of Atomic Clock Accuracy)


New atom clocks use a method called spin squeezing to measure time. The new, highly accurate atom clocks can measure things, like gravitational waves, and dark matter. And many other things. Ability to measure time very accurately based in a fully controlled environment, where outcoming electromagnetic effects are minimized. In the quantum atom clocks the number of used atoms is minimized. And that minimizes the atom's interrelational energy effect. 

The atom clocks are used to research things like time dilation and in highly accurate measurements. Large groups of atom clocks that interact with LIGO-type laser systems can act like an insect's net eye that measures gravity waves. 

Atom clock can measure the time between laser transmission and its echo very accurately. The maser- or radio maser technology makes it possible to create also high-accurate radio-wave-based radar systems. 


Atom clocks are required in radar technology. Where radio waves and echo travel between the object to the plate. In those systems, the radar measures the time that a radio wave travels between the transmitter and the object. The system measures the form of the object using multiple small antennas that send highly accurate coherent radio waves. 

The system must measure the time between transmission and echo in every single antenna separately. The maser system can use nanotechnology to make an antenna group that acts like an insect's net eye. And nanotechnical atom clocks are lightweight systems. 

In traditional atom clocks, there was Cesium in the chamber, and then the Geiger meter calculated the radioactive elements that travel in it. That thing gives a higher accurate time measurement than regular quartz crystals. But things like gravity wave measurements require more accurate systems. In the newer atom clocks, the radioactive element's temperature is fully controlled, and the radioactive crystals are protected against outcoming radiation. 

The idea is that there are things like nano-crystals where Cesium or some other atoms are stored. And in the new atom clocks radioactive atoms hover between sensors. 

The new atom clocks use nano-size crystals where cesium or strontium atoms are trapped. That makes atom clocks safer. However, the use of a minimal number of radioactive materials minimizes the interrelative effects of those atoms. This thing makes atom clocks safer in the case, that somebody wants to steal those systems. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-how-spin-squeezing-pushes-limits-of-atomic-clock-accuracy/


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