First time in history, astronomers saw that a planet falls in its star. Could that be the faith of theoretical Vulcan planet?

"As the Sun becomes a true red giant, the Earth itself may be swallowed or engulfed, but it will definitely be roasted as never before. However, it remains to be seen whether any of the effects of swallowing Mercury, Venus, or even possibly Earth will be noticeable by a distant alien civilization". (BigThink.com/At last: astronomers catch a star eating its innermost planet)

The planet fell into a star that it orbited, or the nova eruption of a dying star destroyed the planet. That thing proved expectations that stars can eat their planets. At least when they start to expand to red giants. In other situations, the nova eruption from the dying star can destroy the entire planetary system. The star that ate its planet was the sun-type star that ran out of its fuel. And then the Nova eruption destroyed the planet near that star. 

But there is the possibility that things like gravitation brake will cause a situation in which the planet falls into its sun. The situation could be that other planets in a very small solar system that formed around a red dwarf can brake one of its planets that are orbiting in another direction than the rest of the system. The gravitational brake that causes that planet's speed in its orbiter slows can slow planets around big stars. 

The monster flares in binary star systems also can destroy planets. One of the reasons for the monster's flares is radiation that comes from the dominating part of the binary star. That kind of radiation can heat the other participant of those solar systems. And sometimes the FRB (Fast Radio Burst) is suspected as the reason why some orange- and red dwarfs eruptions are so powerful.  

Normally, red dwarfs follow a certain cycle in their eruptions, but those eruptions start without warnings. There is some kind of outside energy effect that increases power production. And things that can increase energy production are the FRB and GRB (Gamma-Ray Bursts). The energy pike that comes from somewhere is very thin, and it's hard to see outside its track. 

Above:) Triton's nitrogen geysers

Urbain Le Verrier (1811-1877) and his hypothesis about the Vulcan planet are almost so well known as the planet Neptune that Urbain Le Verrier found. 

Was misunderstanding of the Vulcan planet just an error that spacetime curvature and time dilation near the Sun caused? Urbain Le Verrier didn't know about time dilation. And that made him calculate the orbiting time of Mercury wrong. Finally, Albert Einstein understood, why there was a difference between observations and calculations in Marcury's trajectory and orbital times. 

There is a myth about Vulcan, the (probably) fictional planet inside Mercury's orbiter. One of the suggestions for reasons that nobody has ever seen that planet is that planet Vulcan just fell into the sun. That thing means that Urbain Le Verrier didn't lie about that planet. But in most sources, the Vulcan is claimed as a hoax. If the hypothetical Vulcan planet was the Ceres-size asteroid that fell into the sun. Nobody can prove or disprove that Urbain Le Verrier lied about Vulcan. 

Urbain Le Verrier (1811-1877)

Maybe Urbain Le Verrier just made mistakes because he didn't know the curvature of spacetime. The differences between observations and calculations in Mercury's orbiting time caused the need to make a new theory that repairs to the Theory of Special Relativity. And that was the beginning of the Theory of General Relativity. 

And anyway, Urbain Le Verrier found Neptune. The thing that makes Neptune interesting is that there is some kind of anomalies or non-matching points between that planet's calculated and real trajectory. The reason for those anomalies could be the curvature of spacetime. And that's why planet X or the ninth planet is so interesting. 

Planet Nine is also a hypothetical object. And somebody suggested that there is some kind of black hole in our solar system. But nobody saw the thing, that caused the curvature of spacetime in that area. That thing could be a glimpse of dark matter, or it can be a yet unknown particle cloud. 

Or in the wildest theories, the wormhole travels near that planet. The wormholes or GRB (Gamma-Ray Burst) type of phenomenon can cause the nitrogen geysers on Neptune's Triton moon. The reason for those geysers is that something pumps energy into that moon. If that moon is full of fission elements there must be lots of super-ionized ice because that radiation would push the molecules in ice to the lines. 

But the thing is that if the calculations were astronomers tried to calculate Mercury's orbiting time by using classic models, the curvature of spacetime can cause those anomalies. Einstein saw differences between observations of Mercury's orbiting time and the results that he got by calculating Mercury's trajectory by using the Theory of Special relativity.

Einstein tried to make the calculations match with observations. But Einstein failed. And that thing was the beginning of Einstein's Theory of General relativity. The theory of General Relativity predicted the curvature of spacetime. So Urbain Le Verrier just didn't know the curvature of spacetime and time dilation near the sun, and that caused miscalculations. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/star-eats-planet/

https://scitechdaily.com/cosmic-cannibalism-astronomers-witness-star-devouring-planet-in-possible-preview-of-earths-ultimate-fate/

https://volcanohotspot.wordpress.com/2020/09/01/the-nitrogen-geysers-of-triton/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_(hypothetical_planet)

Today is Mother Earth's Day.

Today 22.4.2023, we celebrate the day of the only known habitable planet, our home Earth. The fact is this, even if there would be billions of species in space we are only humans in the universe. Other intelligent species might look similar to us. But they also not be humans. There could be billions of habitable planets in the universe, but still today, we have no technology to reach those planets. That means we must awake to handle things like pollution and global warming. The problem is that we have the knowledge to handle those things. 

But we need the willingness to handle those problems. We know that our route will take us to doom. We have specialists who say that carbon emissions are one of the biggest reasons for that climate change. But then something is missing. Nobody even thinks about change. 

The main question what would we expect about alien encounters and artificial intelligence? The general AI is one type of alien organism. And the description for the alien is the intelligent, non-human species. So humans also can create aliens by using genetic engineering. Or humans also can create another intelligent species simply by using computer code. What would we want from that creature? 

If we ask something about the biggest problem on Earth, the AI would say that climate warming that caused by humans. The reason for that problem is the overuse of fossil fuels that release carbon into the atmosphere. And then the system might suggest a decrease in fossil fuel use. Maybe we would cut that AI off because we don't want to hear the answer. The main problem with Earth is humans. Overpopulation and other things are the worst things that we are facing.

Above: Google celebrates Earth's Day. 

When we are talking about things like remote work, those things would help to decrease carbon emissions. And they would keep streets open. But there are leaders, and some other people, who resist remote work because in those cases the person will not work 8 hours effectively. The main problem is that new things always cause some kind of friction. And that is one of the reasons for the resistance to those kinds of ideas. 

"Man is wolf to man." Most of the reasons why humans are dying at a young age are caused by other human actions. Or more commonly, the man's behaviors. Things like violence but more often bad lifestyle like smoking, drinking alcohol, and eating too much fat causes health problems. So the man is a wolf to himself rather than other men. Of course, there are wars on Earth where people are dying. But the most common way to die is the use of alcohol and an unhealthy lifestyle. 

When we are making things like AI that are very impressive, we don't renew systems that produce electricity. The production of the base energy is the problem. That system keeps the Western civilization rolling. And all Western systems require electricity. Without electricity, all nice computers and computer-based algorithms are a pile of sand. 

Time dilation and interstellar travel

 I will not handle cryonics, genetic engineering, or transhumanism in this text. Those things require their essays. 

Many times before researchers wrote about the possibility that interstellar astronauts will protect themselves against aging by covering their spacecraft using ion whirl that travels with the speed of light. There is one big problem with this kind of travel. 

The universe expands all the time. And that means the energy level of the universe will decrease. The time dilation by using the ion whirl or Tipler cylinder is based on the idea that the system freezes the energy level of the craft at a certain level. That means the difference between energy levels in the spacecraft and its environment increase. 

That means when the system removes the rotating whirl, energy will start to travel out from the spacecraft, into its environment with a higher speed. And that means that in this model the aging of the particles is very fast. So the problem is that the energy level of the craft must rise so high that it will not be destroyed when time dilation ends. 

So every time, when the craft removes that cylinder it must make some kind of preparation. The energy level of the craft must decrease very slowly. Or the free energy released from the material destroys it. 

"Interior view, showing alternating land and window segments" (Wikipedia/O'Neill cylinder)

The craft would use unmanned probes even if it would carry a crew before it enters the other solar systems. The preparation for that process would be very long-term. And that means the craft will not remove that cylinder or time-dilating system without a good reason. Whenever it removes that ion whirl or stops the rotation of the Tipler cylinder its material turns older.

In many visions, the futuristic interstellar spacecraft would be the combination of the O'Neill and Tipler cylinders. The O'Neill cylinder is the giant artificial world where are the plantations and other things. And Tipler cylinder is a fast-rotating shell or ion whirl that causes time dilation in the O'neill cylinder. 

The craft can have two or more shells. The shell operates AI-controlled probes. And the shells that are forming time dilation in the manned capsule.

Those things would be very large-scale projects. And that means they will be possible in the distant future. In some visions, the high-power magnetic fields or electrons that turn those electrons into miniature black holes can keep this kind of structure in one piece.

The problem is that those crews will not return. But there is one way that can make this kind of system return to home even if the journey takes thousands of years. That thing is the time machine. In that model, the energy level of the craft will rise to the level that it will start to travel back in time. So otherwise saying, inside the craft will form a black hole. That energy level should be so high that it pushes craft into the fourth dimension. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Neill_cylinder

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipler_cylinder

The first contact with an alien civilization is most likely the contact with the AI-driven probes.

Even if aliens would have photosynthesis in their skins, they might send AI-driven probes, before they will go to some new solar system. 

The AI-driven probes are most likely the first contact that we get with the Aliens. Futurologists created this model of the first contact. And they used our space programs as the model. In this kind of model, the machines go first. Maybe someday in the distant future, those travelers sent by humans. And they can make contact with primitive aliens. 

And they search for suitable worlds to colonize. Even if aliens use wormholes in space travel that system requires that they will open wormholes to the solar system. And if there is nothing in some solar system they will not send manned crafts. 

Even if the space travelers manned spacecraft is the giant artificial world like the O'Neill cylinder where time stopped by using a whirl of ions that is around them. Or the crew will be in hypothermic sleep that kind of traveler will send the unmanned probe before the system makes decisions about stopping the ion whirl or waking up the crew.

If there is nothing those kinds of maneuvers are risking the missions. In the models of the interstellar missions of humans, the first thing that travels to Proxima Centauri is an unmanned probe. That kind of system is controlled by highly sophisticated artificial intelligence. And maybe someday we will make that mission. 

But there is another possibility. In that case, the OI (Organoid intelligence) can control spacecraft. That kind of system is the computers. That is connected with living, cloned neurons. Theoretically, if that system has the right type of laboratories, it could create a copy of any living organism by using genetic engineering. 

It just requires the DNA sample of the targeted species. And then the system can use highly advanced nanotechnology for those kinds of missions. 

In some models, the aliens could use at least electromagnetic wormholes to shoot the aliens into the wanted planet. The system will generate an extremely high-power laser ray. And then it will send miniature spacecraft in that laser ray that denies its aging. In that craft, the alien can travel in the form of stored DNA. Or there is the possibility that the morula-level embryos stored in those spacecraft that are smaller than peas.

In that model there must be a robot base, waiting for those embryos that could travel even thousands of years. There the organoid intelligence operating robots will grow and manipulate genomes so that those first colonists can survive in that distant world. 

In those miniature spacecraft could be alien DNA and the nanotechnology that makes the craft connect that DNA to some local species. There could also be some kind of system that is transferring required data to those hybrid creatures. 

The cosmic seeds are the theory that the life or origins of life are traveling in space. If we think about alien intelligence, the seeds of life can be miniature spacecraft where is alien DNA stored in them. Then those pea-size or smaller spacecraft inject that DNA into wanted cells. And there the nanotechnology will connect the alien DNA to the right points of the wanted DNA. These kinds of theoretical systems are interesting. And maybe humans use them somewhere in the future. 

https://bigthink.com/hard-science/aliens-ai-not-little-green-men/

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/scientists-discover-exposed-bacteria-can-survive-space-years-180975660/

How to make X-ray images inside the box by using augmented reality.

How to make X-ray images inside the box by using augmented reality. 

In the warehouses, the system can simply connect the X-ray image from the security X-ray scanner to augmented reality. If the system uses a 3D X-ray scanner the user must just read the QR code from the box. And then the computer downloads the 3D image to augmented reality glasses. Researchers can also install X-ray scanners in quadcopters. The system bases technology where the quadcopters are flying on opposite sides of the object. And then that system can make 3D X-ray scanner images from any object in nature. 

The system is quite simple to create. The only needed thing is two, or a bigger number of quadcopters that have X-ray systems. In that system, the person who uses the augmented reality system just points the laser pointer to the box or some other target. 

And then the quadcopters that are at an opposite positions to each other start to use their X-ray systems. That system can create an image of things inside the box for the systems like HoloLens. 

The requirement is that. The X-ray system recognizes the merchandise that the pointer points to the opposite-flying quadcopters can make X-ray images also from entire buildings. In that kind of system, the operator can have two kinds of quadcopters. The X-ray systems are the outside the building. And the drones that enter the building.

Those drones can equip with IR and radio- or X-ray-based location systems. The X-ray led is acting as a pointer lamp that is visible through elements. The X-ray system sees where the drone that uses IR systems is. And then the central computer can connect the data that those drones are sending. That thing makes it possible to locate people inside the houses. 

The drones can see the angle of the laser pointer, and then that data can use for aiming sniper rifles from outside. The hybrid systems that can connect data between multiple sensors allow operators to see through concrete elements. And that thing is the new advantage in the world of high tech. 

https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/augmented-reality-with-x-ray-vision/overview/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

Roko's basilisk, thinking experiment about a system that means good but makes bad things.

At first, we must realize that AI doesn't make anything. The creators behind the system determine the purpose and tools that AI can use to reach its goal. I thought sometimes. Maybe, the idea for Roko's basilisk is taken from the Soviet Union. 

Tools that Soviet leaders had made that state powerful and destructive.  Just like in AI, Leaders of the state determine what tools the state can use. Those leaders determine the influence the state can use if it feels that something resists it. 

Also, those tools, like laws, determine the resistance's level and the type of resistance that causes that state affects some actions. Does simply words that "I don't like something" cause arrest? Or does that arrest require some other criminal activity like breaking windows or destroying the police cars 

The Roko's basilisk is the ultimate state of intelligence. And, it's one of the most dangerous thinking experiments ever introduced. The original Roko's basilisk is the AI that turns against its creators because it wants to make good things. But we can think that Roko's basilisk is the state that wants to make good, and when it maximizes good for its citizens, it destroys everything. As you see there are many ways to handle thinking experiments. 

The main question about Roko's basilisk is "what is good"? Is the good acceptable only if it benefits only some certain actors? Does the good objective allow the system to terminate all other actors so that it can reach the ultimate good? And what is good anyway? 

Is it good for the entire population? Or is it good for the small group that leads other people? And then we should determine the population. Does it make good for the entire human race? Or does the term "good" mean good only for Advanced Eurasian states?

 And another thing that Roko's basilisk should cause in my opinion, is that we should think that everything in our world is made to serve good. When somebody thinks that it's a version of the good is the only accepted version. That is one step to ultimate authority.

That means a dangerous situation especially if the system has power.  If the system thinks that it doesn't need to listen to anything else. Except for things that it accepts. That system will close other options away. And if it thinks that only it has the right information. That causes think that the people who are against that system are dangerous for the system and its supporters. 

Creators of the systems always make it for good, but then it turns against people who it should serve. The Roko's basilisk could be, let's say, the Soviet state. When people created the Soviet Union they wanted to fix the economical and social inequality. That means they promised people that they re-share property and make a fair state.  The Soviet Union created its secret police to hunt counter-revolutionists. 

And then it turned into a dictatorship never seen before. The Soviet Union is the state version of Roko's basilisk. The heads of the state thought that world is black and white. If people are not supporting the Soviet state they are against the soviet state. And all people who were against the state were against people or good. The idea is that the people must prove that they support the state. Or they are against the state. Because the state is only an accepted representative of people it destroys everything that resists it. 

In the same way, people must participate the development of Roko's basilisk the AI that will maximize the good. But the good is always reserved for the AI. That thinks it's the only accepted representative of the good. 

And finally, to Roko's basilisk...

Roko's basilisk is the thinking experiment. About the AI that turns against its creators. In that thinking experiment, developers will create AI to maximize the good. But then, that maximization turns against humanity.

Behind Roko's basilisk is an idea about the ultimate singularity. AI thinks that all people must take a part in its development. And if somebody resists that program. That means the end of that person. The complete example of  Roco's basilisk is in the Wikipedia link below this chapter. And you can see one explanation from the film above this part. 

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roko%27s_basilisk)

There are many ways to close the thinking experiments. And one is to search things, why Roko's basilisk makes that kind of solution, where it destroys everything that is against it. The reason for that action is simple: Roko's basilisk was created to serve good. AI thinks that bad people are the biggest reason for bad things. So it wants to remove bad people. And then the AU turns subjective. Roko's basilisk starts to think that everything good for it is also good for mankind. 

The Roko's basilisk thinks that because its mission is to maximize good it is the only thing that knows what is good. People must participate in's creation because that's why people can prove that they are good. And the AI thinks black-and-white things. Everybody who is not participating in making good is bad. And that makes black-and-white thinking dangerous.

Roko's basilisk is the state that thinks that its purpose is to maximize the good. We can think. Roko's basilisk is the singularity where people and computers interconnect into one large entirety. That means it's the ultimate version of the state that we can imagine. That ultimate entirety will maximize the good. But the good means only things that are good for it and its participants. 

That means this. At the first comes the AI. Then comes the participants of that entirety. And finally comes all other things. This means the hierarchy in that value model is the thing that causes destruction. The good escalates from the top to the bottom only if they have the same things or they benefit the top first. And if something remains after the top actor used that thing that escalates to the bottom. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roko%27s_basilisk

Neutron lasers and neutrino beams are the next-generation tools.

Neutron lasers and neutrino beams are the next-generation tools. If researchers can capture neutrons and neutrinos. 

Neutron lasers are neutron clouds that are trapped in magnetic tanks. And the main problem with that system is how to get neutrons. The powerful magnetic field can trap neutrons from nuclear reactors. Neutrons are polar particles so the magnetic system can pull them backward slowing their speed. And then the magnetic field can lock neutrons in a magnetic chamber or tank. 

Those systems have based on the idea that when neutrons are stressed with the energy they send neutron radiation. Those neutrons will capture from nuclear reactors. Then in the middle of the tank is the group of neutrons that are put in line. Then the energy will pump to those hovering neutrons. The neutron cloud that surrounds those entangled neutrons will pump energy to them. And they send neutron radiation in both directions.

Below: A diagram of the neutron laser.  

3         VV

1 (***********)

2 >>>>>>>>>

1 (**********)

3       AA

The diagram of the neutron laser is 

1) Neutron cloud

2) Linear positioned neutrons 

3) Outcoming energy 

The outcoming energy stress neutron cloud surrounds linear neutrons. And the beam is forming in that part of the system. Maybe a magnetic field can use to trap those neutrons in the laser system. If that is possible. The neutron laser can be a reality. And neutron-lasers can use as a model for neutrino lasers. 

Image 2) The system used to create the most powerful neutrino beam. " The design of the experiment is elegant — produce neutrinos and measure them at Fermilab, send them straight through 1,300 kilometers of earth, then measure them again in giant liquid-argon detectors at Sanford Lab. Credit: Fermilab". (Phys.org/How do you make the world's most powerful neutrino beam?) In image 2 you can see how difficult is to create a neutrino beam. And that means capturing those particles is even more difficult. 

Neutrino beam can use to research protons.

New sensors in Fermilab were used to test the ability to create a neutrino-particle beam. If that particle beam or "neutrino-ion cannon" is possible to create. That thing allows observing things like the proton's internal structures. The name of that test system is MINERvA. And it's the beginning of the next-generation detectors that can scan subatomic particles' internal structure. 

Neutrinos are ghost particles with very weak interaction. That means they can travel through entire planets without touching anything. And that makes it very hard to detect them. Because neutrinos are particles, they can use to send similar radiation to neutrons. But neutrino radiation is a very short wave. There is a possibility that some kind of magnetic field can trap neutrinos in the chamber. And then powerful radiation will aim at that neutrino cloud. 

When radiation stimulation ends. Neutrinos are sent similar radiation with neutrons. Neutrino beams can use to detect the internal structures of protons. Or they can use "super X-ray" systems that can see many things that are impossible to see another way. Another version is to use neutrinos like ion cannons use ions. But the problem is that neutrinos are not following magnetic fields with very high accuracy. 

Capturing neutrinos in a chamber is not a very easy mission. But if that is possible. It can create a new type of instrument that can observe the internal structures of protons. 

https://fnal.gov/pub/science/experiments/intensity/minerva.html

https://phys.org/news/2019-11-world-powerful-neutrino.html?deviceType=mobile

https://scitechdaily.com/ghostly-neutrinos-provide-groundbreaking-new-way-to-investigate-the-structure-of-protons/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino

https://likeinterstellartravelingandfuturism.blogspot.com/