The new cargo systems take their innovations from the hydrofoils and WIG technology.

Above Candela P-12, (Image: Candela)

The new "flying hydrofoils" like the Swedish "Candela" can rise high above waves. That technology allows for a decrease in energy use and pollution. Electric hydrofoils use so-called passive hydrofoil technology. There the speed of the craft raises the hull above the sea on the wings, which are similar used in aircraft.

Interesting visions this kind of craft can also operate using air propellers or even jet engines. Jet engines give those hydrofoils incredible speed. Those flying hydrofoils of high-lifting hydrofoils can use even rocket engines to give power. And that makes them interesting and an alternative for many missions.

However, there is a possibility to make a hybrid hydrofoil. That connects wing-in-ground WIG technology with regular aircraft and hydrofoils. The variable wing geometry (VWG) makes it possible to create wings that can turn under the aircraft. The aircraft can operate as a hydrofoil, WIG aircraft. And as regular, high-flying aircraft. In some plans, the aircraft pushes the hydrofoils from below them. The DARPA concepts are not so radical. But the Liberty Lifter is interesting.

One thing that caused the failure of the "Caspian Sea Monster" was the noise. It's possible. The next-generation flying boats can use regular boat propellers to travel outside the harbor. And those systems can travel to the outer sea before they start their jet engines. If the craft can have the possibility to act as hydrofoil. It can use regular blowers to travel short distances. And that ability makes that kind of system possible to travel far enough that the jet engines will not disturb people.

"Artist's concept of Aurora Flight Sciences' design" (Darpa.mil, Liberty Lifter)

The DARPA's new "Liberty Lifter" program is based on the Cold War-era Soviet WIG designs. Those flying boats use the WIG technology, but the difference between the famous "Caspian Sea Monster" is that the Liberty Lifter has longer wings. The Caspian Sea Monster's short wings limited its operations above the sea. The Liberty Lifter can operate as a regular aircraft and flying boat. As well as WIG aircraft. And maybe as a hydrofoil. When Liberty Lifter carries extremely heavy cargo it can use the WIG or hydofoil mode.

"A rendering of a General Atomics' Liberty Lifter proposal (Wikipedia, Liberty Lifter)

Those things are next-generation tools for cargo, people transportation, and military purposes. Flying boats that use hydrogen can have internal electrolysis chambers. And that system can get electricity from any electric source.

Large-scale flying boats can also operate from regular airfields. But amphibious mode makes it possible to operate from coastal areas even if there are no airfields. Those systems can operate in anti-ship, anti-submarine, and even in regular bombardment missions. That means they can carry the same weapon systems as some strategic bombers. So they can have the same nuclear strike capacity as B-52. And that makes those systems interesting.

https://candela.com/

https://www.darpa.mil/program/liberty-lifter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Sea_Monster

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Lifter

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