Complicated cooperation between Broca's and Wernicke areas.

Image Wikipedia, Wernicke's area

Which brain area should we observe? If we want to make the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)? Maybe the best point would be the neural tracks that transport information to the facial and throat muscles from the sensorimotor brain lobe. The problem is that observing this kind of structure requires an extremely high accuracy. The complete BCI requires deep knowledge of the brain activity and its internal and external communication.

The key role in communication is in the Broca's and Wernicke areas. But what area should we observe, if we want to transmit thoughts to the computer? Natural selection is the brain lobe that produces speech. Transforming speech to text and driving it to the AI is simple. But if we want to take that text straight from the brain, we must realize that speech is a product of the cooperation of multiple different brain lobes. And that is the key problem that BCI sensor creators must solve.

The Neuralink chip observes the Broca area. That is the responsibility to produce speech. I sometimes write that we should hear Wernicke lobe rather than Broca. The reason for that is the Wernicke area is the brain lobe that understands speech. The third part that is required is the senso motorial brain lobes, which give orders to the facial and throat muscles that produce words.

The interaction between the Broca and Wernicke areas is bidirectional. In old models, the information travels from the Wernicke lobe to Broca. The Broca sends orders to neurons that control the muscles that produce speech. That is a simple model. But things like aphasia research give information. The Wernicke plays a bigger role in speech production than previously noticed.

The data travels between those three points in a more complex model than previously thought. That means the Wernicke lobe may check that the speech that Broca's area creates is something. That somebody understands. When Broca's area creates speech, it interacts with two other brain segments and collects data for the speech from memory blocks. The reason why the Broca is silent when people speak is its role as an information sender to the sensorimotor brain lobe.

Broca's area must wait for those neurons' feedback after it sends the information. When the sensorimotor brain lobe sends feedback. it sends information back to Broca that received information. That feedback tells the Broca's area can release axons for the next mission. And if Broca's area sends something during that feedback. There is a possibility that the neuron in Broca's area sends information to sensorimotor neurons using the same axon track. And that can cause disorder.

But then researchers noticed. That while a person speaks. The Broca is shut. And that makes it hard to create a system that follows only the Broca area and turns speech to text, linking it to the interface. That thing means that the most promising areas that this kind of system should follow are Wernicke or sensorimotor area. The key element is that the system should listen to areas that handle complete communication.

https://www.economist.com/technology-quarterly/2022/09/22/what-does-a-brain-computer-interface-feel-like

https://lonestarneurology.net/blog/brocas-vs-wernickes-aphasia/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9058861/

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150218101839.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca%27s_area

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensorimotor_network

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke%27s_area

Plasmonic waves can make new waves in quantum technology.

"LSU researchers have made a significant discovery related to the fundamental properties and behavior of plasmonic waves, which can lead ot the development of more sensitive and robust quantum technologies. Credit: LSU" (ScitechDaily, Plasmonics Breakthrough Unleashes New Era of Quantum Technologies) Plasmonic waves in the quantum gas are the next-generation tools. The plasmonic wave is quite similar to radio waves. Or, rather say it, a combination of acoustic waves and electromagnetic waves. Quantum gas is an atom group. In those atom groups, temperature and pressure are extremely low. The distance of atoms is long. And when an electromagnetic system can pump energy to those atoms. But the thing in quantum gas is that the atoms also make physical movements like soundwaves. It's possible. To create quantum gas using monoatomic ions like ionized noble gas. In those systems, positive (or negative) atoms push each other away. When the box is filled with quantum gas and som

The breakthrough in solid-state qubits.

Hybrid integration of a designer nanodiamond with photonic circuits via ring resonators. Credit Steven Burrows/Sun Group (ScitechDaily, Solid-State Qubits: Artificial Atoms Unlock Quantum Computing Breakthrough) ****************************************** The next part is from ScitechDaily.com "JILA breakthrough in integrating artificial atoms with photonic circuits advances quantum computing efficiency and scalability". (ScitechDaily, Solid-State Qubits: Artificial Atoms Unlock Quantum Computing Breakthrough) "In quantum information science, many particles can act as “bits,” from individual atoms to photons. At JILA, researchers utilize these bits as “qubits,” storing and processing quantum 1s or 0s through a unique system". (ScitechDaily, Solid-State Qubits: Artificial Atoms Unlock Quantum Computing Breakthrough) "While many JILA Fellows focus on qubits found in nature, such as atoms and ions, JILA Associate Fellow and University of Colorado Boulder Assistant

The interesting coincidence between USS Sea Shadow (1982) and CSS Virginia (1862)

Image I The interesting coincidence between USS Sea Shadow (1982) and CSS Virginia (1862) Far away from its time is the thing, that you might notice when you see those two images. The upper one (Image I) is portraying the modern naval USS Sea Shadow (IX-529)(1) experimental Stealth ship, which was created by Lockheed-Martin, and the image below (Image II) is portraying the CSS Virginia (2), the ironclad from the Civil War Era. The thing why the hull of the CSS Virginia, what is ironclad from 1862 is that the ammunition of the cannons would not transfer their impact energy to the hull of the ship. And the reason why Sea Shadows hull has this form is that it should point the radar echo away from the hull. The thing that I must say that CSS Virginia is far ahead its time because that structure is effective against the explosive ammunition, and the slanting armor of tanks like T-34 and Sherman have made them effective. But for some reason, the use of slanting armor has

Thoughts about the future, world, and technology

Search This Blog