Russia denies its dependence on western nations.

"The High Mobility Artillery Rocket System fires the Army's new guided Multiple Launch Rocket System during testing at White Sands Missile Range" (Wikipedia/M142 HiMARS).

Russian propaganda claims that Russia doesn't need anybody in the world. And another thing that Russian propaganda highlights are that the Russian government can maintain a mercantilistic economy forever. In that case, the money will surround Russia, and there is no importing trade at all. When only international trade is exporting gas and oil. That thing means that the government has just income. 

The fact is that. Authoritarian governments can continue force and violent policy against other countries longer than republics and democratic countries. But the fact is that sooner or later even the most authoritarian governments lose their ability to go to war. If the war machine loses lots of men and equipment. That means there is always an end. No army has an endless store of equipment and men. If there are lots of losses that make need to recruit people from the reserve. 

And the question is are those people even in the physical condition that they can go to war and fight there? Or are the skills of those men so good that they would not die immediately? 

The captured Russian drone and other captured vehicles are telling that Russia uses lots of Western technology in their military equipment. The Russians are invested a lot of resources in their missile technology. Things like S-300 and S-500 air defense missiles can use against ground targets. But the problem is that the warheads of those missiles cannot penetrate the hardened targets. So there is a possibility. That the modified S-300 and S-500 missiles are used as anti-personnel ammunition. The satellite-guidance system will drive the missile to a certain trajectory. 

And then the radar will detonate those fragmentation warheads at a certain altitude. The large-size S-300 and S-500 systems are made to use even against incoming ballistic missiles. But there are counter-weapons against those missiles. And one of them is HiMARS. The salvo of GPS-guided rockets can destroy the large-size missile or its transporter-launch system if that weapon is too close to the front. 

The U.S HiMARS rocket launchers are shown their capacity in Ukraine. Fast-moving multipurpose, long-range rocket launchers are created for one of the counter-weapons against tactical missiles and heavy artillery. The thing is that those weapons are effective at least elder "OTR21 Tochka" (Nato reporting name: SS-21 "Scarab") and probably also against newer SS-25 "Stone" or "Iskander" missiles. 

There is the possibility that the large number of missiles that are used in Ukraine are the elder SS-21 "Scarab" series and the effective range of those missiles is 150 kilometers. The range of the newer "Iskander" is 400-500 kilometers. The effective range of HiMARS is 2-190 km and with MGM-140 ATACMS missiles the range of HiMARS is 300 kilometers. Those highly mobile systems can drive fast to the firing range and make their mission. 

Can systems like "Iskander" respond to HiMARS depending on the thing that can they attack accurately enough against those highly mobile systems? When the enemy site is located the HiMARS can drive fast to the shooting range and makes its duty. There is the possibility. In the future, HiMARS can equip with GPS-guided ammunition, which gives it pinpoint accuracy. Or maybe those GPS-guided rockets are already in use. 

Sources: 

https://gagadget.com/en/148769-the-ukrainian-armed-forces-captured-the-rare-strike-drone-swallow-m-for-the-first-time-the-drone-was-introduced-in-2021-a/

Different news media including. MSN.com and YLE.fi news

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K720_Iskander

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M142_HIMARS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-140_ATACMS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-300_missile_system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-500_missile_system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OTR-21_Tochka

Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M142_HIMARS

Four possibilities can cause a collapse in the world's economy.

1) The housing market crisis is brewing again.

Payment difficulties for those who have taken out jumbo loans have increased in the USA. And those kinds of loans are taken for housing. So those people are bought homes, but then they cannot pay their loans back to the bank. That thing causes problems. 

Because even if those homes are foreclosed for banks. That thing doesn't mean that the bank ever gets its money back. Banks must sell those apartments. That there is even a possibility to get the money back. And if nobody offers enough the rest of the loan turns to bad debt. If there is enough bad debt that can cause bankruptcy for banks. That causes bank crises. And the trust in markets is gone.

When that loss of trust in economics happens in a large- worldwide economic area or area that has a big influence on the world's economy, it can cause the situation. That this area pulls the entire world into an economic downturn with it. The fact is that a financial boom and an economic upturn cannot continue forever. There is always an economic downturn after the economic upturn. 

The housing market crisis is one of the things that cause problems for the economy. The problem is not that the housing flats are not produced, or they are not produced enough. The problem is where to get money for funding that thing? If there are lots of housing squares the price of those housing squares is decreasing like in all other forms of inflation. One of the reasons for the housing market crisis is that when people are made money in the town they want to move to own house. 

And the thing that makes this thing problematic is that when those people's children are getting cheap land area they are not willing even to move to towns. That leaves the apartment buildings empty. When only a few people are living in some apartment buildings that rises the costs for single people. 

When some people are buying a new flat there is the possibility that they cannot sell their old flats. And that causes problems in the financial business. If people cannot pay their loans that thing turns into bad debt and falls to the state. The thing is this. The problem with housing squares is that no one wants to pay those housing squares. If government produces the flats for the people and pays for those flats that will not bring any money to the state. 

2) Domino effect of the raw material. 

When the need for raw materials is rising that means the production cannot fill the hole. So the raw materials must produce in new areas. And some of those areas are politically unstable. The thing that makes producing raw materials complicated is that people would not accept things like slave work. Also, things like guerilla movements are controlling some raw material sources. 

And that thing causes also political problems. Buyer of those raw materials acts as a supporter of terrorism. But the fact is that things like lanthanides that are important in high-tech products are not very common. The resources of Earth are not endless. That's why decreasing Earth's resources can cause a collapse of the economy. And the race for decreasing natural resources and food is causing conflicts. When one raw material is ending that thing causes a chain reaction, because some of those extraordinary metals are needed to produce other metals. 

3) Death spiral of Euro-area. 

When demand is falling that brings pressure to raise prices. The reason for that is that entrepreneurs must replace the lack of the incoming money that they can pay for their expenses like raw materials and business premises. The problem with that is that can cause a situation where the customer's loss increases. 

The death spiral means an effect where lack of customers is causing the rise in the prices. Then that will cause a chain reaction where the new prices are banishing more customers. Sooner or later the price of the product rises so high, that nobody buys it anymore. And they are starting to look for alternative solutions. 

4) China's expanding problems.

China is one of the biggest marketing environments in the world. But the major problem of that nation is that the regular people have no money to buy things like mobile telephones. The fact is this. Even if China is a big economical area that area is not endless. There is always a limit when people will not buy things like tablets and mobile telephones anymore. And when the demands in that area end, China is lost. That thing affects the entire world and its economy. 

The biggest problem with China is that it's not an open nation. There is hard to get confirmed information about the economic situation in that country. And the second problem is that the Chinese authoritarian government makes people afraid that something happens to them. The authoritarian and corrupted authorities are the thing that can cause many problems for people who are visiting those countries. 

Another problem with production in China is that people are awakening about the freedoms and merchandise products in the country, which is very authoritarian and is negative marketing for those products. And another thing is national security. 

The aggressive willingness to expand its territorial waters, especially in the South China Sea causes other governments to want to limit the production of mobile devices in China because the Chinese military can get benefit from those products. 

Because only a couple of words against the government cause arrest there is always the possibility that somebody has written something on social media in the name of the person who visits China. And that thing causes problems. Also, there is the possibility that the investors are losing their investments. Because authorities seized that money. 

But also things like the possibility that the government's attitude to companies is turning negative. The fact is that those governments like large-scale companies. And they don't support micro-entrepreneurs. That kind of thing means that China is not a very promising operational area for start-up companies that have no relationships with authorities. 

 

 New robots bring new tricks.

Robots that emulate fish are more effective than robots that are using propellers. If the robot has similar fins and tails with fish. It won't get stuck to the algae and water vegetables so easily as propellers using robots. The problem with small-size robots is that they have limited power sources. The thing is that also larger nuclear-powered submarines can have fins and structures like pike fish that kind of submarine might have stealth drive along with propellers. 

Structures that are used and tested in miniature submarines. Can turn to use in larger-scale submarines. There is also tested the cuttlefish-looking submarine construction. Those kinds of systems can use water jets for driving fast underwater. 

Then the robot can use those fins in the area where the system needs to operate accurately. Those robots can be of various sizes. And they can use to recover the material from the bottom of the oceans by using manipulator's arms. 

Those little bit spider-looking machines can use to return things like nuclear reactors and secretive things like dropped nuclear bombs in secretive missions. As well as they can use to return chemical waste or something like that. 

The flying man-shaped robots can also be modern technology. The same technology that is created for those systems can also use to lift people. The man-looking flying robots can someday research planets like Venus and Saturn moon Titan. But they can also drop to research the jungles in Papua-New Guinea. 

New technology like large-size quadcopters can use to lift people from the ground. And sometimes is tested the backpack, that has a helicopter structure. The tail rotor would be at the end of the telescope tail. And the main rotor would be in the middle of the backpack. Those kinds of systems have problems with power supply. 

So the quadcopters are easier to control. And they can be connected to the wireless game control sticks. Those systems are almost safe. Because of the battery is ended. That robot can have autorotation mode. The autorotation guarantees that the system can return to the ground safely. 

The quadcopters that are lifting humans can use to land the special operations teams to the ground. And then fly back to VTOL aircraft. The same quadcopters can also rise window cleaners to the roof of buildings. But in the same way, things like burglars can use quadcopters to lift them and their equipment to the roofs of their targets. The fact is that this kind of technology is open source. Everybody can buy a quadcopter from shops. And then the person needs only the employment skills to enlarge that system. 

Italian "iron man robot". (https://www.engadget.com/)

https://interestingengineering.com/cuttlefish-like-robots-are-far-more-efficient-than-propeller-powered-machines

https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/

The future of interstellar spacecraft.

  

The future of interstellar spacecraft. 

The interstellar spacecraft might not come to practice very soon. But the fact is that theoretical research. Along with careful missions is opening the road to the interstellar journey. And maybe the time of that mission will come in 200-300 years. The fact is that nobody knows when we are ready to travel to the other solar system. When we remember history many things have been "impossible".  

The Chinese knew how to make gunpowder rockets in the 200s(1). And the Russian Konstantin Tsiolkovsky(2)(1857-1935) created theoretical research with rocketry and spaceflight in the 19th century. The thing is that things like interplanetary spaceflights. And space elevators(3) are also invented by Konstantin Tsilkovsky. 

Image 2: Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (1857-1935)

That man is called "the Father of the spaceflight". Tsiolkovsky also created research and articles about "lighter than air aviation". There was a rumor that Tsiolkovsky created an idea to use the hydrogen balloon or high-flying airship to carry space rockets to the high altitude. And then launch that rocket to the orbiter or sub-orbiting trajectory. 

The hydrogen balloon can lift the rocket to an altitude of 30 kilometers. And that thing could make it possible to launch smaller rockets to the orbiter. But for some reason, that plan remained at the theoretical level. And that reason could be bureaucracy. 

The thing is that technology advances all the time. And maybe the advancing of technology is faster than we think. The thing is that the first interstellar mission might become reality sooner than we expect. The thing is that the theory is the first step for making dreams real. And modern scientists have more advanced tools and experience than Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. 

But there are many things. What that man invented and what remains at the theoretical level. One of his greatest ideas is the space elevator. That giant structure that uses the centripetal force of the Earth is ever created in practice.  

Image 3: The Daedalus and Saturn V comparison

The British Interplanetary Society. And theoretical Project Daedalus(3) and its improvements. 

There are a couple of theoretical concepts for interstellar spacecraft. All of those concepts are probes. And the carefully made steps will open the road for successful manned interstellar missions far away in the future. But the first interstellar concepts would be more primitive than some SciFi spacecraft that travels across the galaxy in a couple of weeks. 

In the 1970s the British interplanetary society created Daedalus. Theoretical spacecraft. That could travel to Barnard's star. Daedalus planned to use thermonuclear detonations for reaching that distant star. In the updated version the Daedalus uses antimatter. 

When Daedalus closes the objective of its mission. That craft will create antimatter by using an antimatter generator. The antimatter would be created by benefiting the solar wind which impacts the gold leaf. That thing turns those particles into antimatter. That thing makes it possible that Daedalus II could bring samples from the solar system where it visits. 

NASA has created an idea of "Project Longshot" (4) which is quite similar to Daedalus. As I earlier wrote the both of those theoretical crafts are unmanned. So there are no worries about the lifetime of astronauts. But of course, there is the possibility that the theoretical interstellar probe is forgotten if there is some kind of other problems on Earth.  But the time of that craft will be far away in the future. 

(1)http://en.chinaculture.org/created/2005-07/21/content_70826.htm

(2)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky

(3)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_elevator

(4)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

(5)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Longshot

Image 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky

Image 2: Pinterest

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

The internet has been made many things safer. But it's a dangerous place.

Students are told not to use Wikipedia in research, but it's trustworthy. Says the article in "The Conversation". The link to the article is here. But you can see the URL below this text. 

The prohibition of using Wikipedia as a source for research is one of the most interesting questions in the studies. In normal cases the Wikipedia is trustworthy. And some people are saying that the purpose of that prohibition is to make work more difficult than it is. 

The thing is that Wikipedia is trustworthy in the cases like computing and natural sciences. But there are also problems with the things like selecting sources for the works in the modern world. Things like books are good sources if they are confirmed. But the fact is that during the time of the internet the printed information might be old. 

When books are coming to bookstores they might handle the old-fashion information. And that thing is visible in the most intensive areas like computing. The things that people are used to doing might turn old-fashion in a very short period. The fast advantages in the programming architecture and operating systems are making some well-known methods old-fashion. 

Let's take one example. In the past, data security was the area, where only a couple of operators worked. Their mission was to deny the hacking. And in old good times, hackers just called the phone calls. But today the fixed data connections are making the internet more secure. 

If we are taking the point of view from the coding and programs. The firewalls are blocking the normal malicious code like echoing the formatting command from operating systems. The artificial intelligence-based firewalls are searching the source code of the data packages. 

But the risks are turned to social media. People can share data that should not share. Things like images of firearms and memberships of the shooting clubs can cause burglaries because criminals want that kind of stuff. And also things like papers that are forgotten to table and where is passwords can cause problems for data security. If criminals are zooming those images. 

They can get the passwords for the targeted systems. Also, things like hidden surveillance cameras can uncover data from the screens. One of the examples of that kind of thing is uncovering the Russian "Status-6" "Kanyon" torpedo with 100 mt. warhead. The papers that were visible on the camera allowed western actors to isolate the diagrams of that system by using the zoom of the graphics program. 

When the organization faces data crime the first thing is to report that to authorities. And of course, that report can also give to the media. That allows that all people know that there was a security leak. And they know how to handle the situation. And when the data security has been broken or dangered. That thing should cause discussions about the topics: "what should we do otherwise that this would not happen again". 

That kind of thing is called physical hacking. The workers should dare to report the people who are asking strange questions. Or bar evenings where the "film is cut". That thing can tell that somebody is trying to steal data from the system by asking for passwords. And also family members should tell if they get strange phone calls or somebody asks about things like when parents are at work. 

The mainframe of the hacking is turning to social hacking. In the worst-case criminals are taking hostages for blackmailing key persons.  The hacker would send the probe like E-mail or text message for asking passwords. That means the mobile telephone or the captured Email of the boss would open the road to the system. 

Or otherwise, hackers might try to cheat or blackmail people give passwords and access to the system. One version is to stun a person by using chloroform. And then the Sodium Amytal would force the person to give passwords. 

In another version, the data criminals use the zombie poison (Tetrodotoxin) to order their victims to transfer money to their accounts.  The thing in data security is the "open attitude". If something is tried to affect the person that person should dare to tell that thing. If the hackers are stolen data the first action is to confess that thing. Hiding the information-stealing is the worst thing, that people can do. 

https://theconversation.com/students-are-told-not-to-use-wikipedia-for-research-but-its-a-trustworthy-source-168834

https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/

Photocatalysis: the proton transfer between titania surface and dye observed

"When the titania and the dye adsorbed on its surface are irradiated with a femtosecond pulsed laser proton transfer from the dye molecules to the titania surface, the fluorescence of the deprotonated dye is observed. Credit: Reprinted with permission from J. Phys. Chem. C, 2021, 125, 40. 21803-22396 (Supplementary Cover). Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society."(https://scitechdaily.com/photocatalysis-evaluation-proton-transfer-between-titania-surface-and-dye-observed/)

Today there was an article in the SciTech Daily about the protonic interaction between the titania layer and dye offered to make the new type of solar panels. In image two is the diagram of that kind of interaction. The thing is that increasing the number of protons on the layer. That thing increases the electronegativity of the layer. And that thing increases the flow of electrons. 

But the proton interaction offers to make many other things than just create electricity. Increasing the electronegativity would increase the speed of electrons when they hit the anode. And that thing makes some electric systems more powerful. This kind of system is making it possible to create a new type of switch for miniature microchips.

X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X

The description of the proton-titania interaction from ScitechDaily goes like this: 

"When the titania surface and the dye adsorbed on its surface are irradiated with ultraviolet light. The proton transfer occurs from the excited states of the dye molecules to the titania surface where basic hydroxyl groups are generated". 

"And fluorescence is observed from the excited states of the deprotonated dye. Credit: Reprinted with permission from J. Phys. Chem. C, 2021, 125, 40. 21958–21963. Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society". (Image and text Source: https://scitechdaily.com/photocatalysis-evaluation-proton-transfer-between-titania-surface-and-dye-observed/

X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X-X

That phenomenon can use to control nanomachines.

The interaction between the titania layer and protons happens by using the fluorescence molecule. The radiation from the fluorescence molecules is pushing protons from the other molecule to the titania layer. And that thing allows creating the new type of remote controllers that can use to control nanomachines. All fluorescence is not happening by the UV light. That effect is possible with all wavelengths of the spectrum. And by benefiting from many EM wavelengths is possible to make the new multi-channel remote-control system that can use in the nanomachines and electric components. 

When we are thinking about the system that controls some nanomachines the fluorescence molecules are the perfect tools for delivering signals for the control systems. When the machine would want to turn let's say to right the system can use fluorescence molecule that reacts to infrared light. 

And when the nanorobot wanted to turn left the system might use a fluorescence molecule that reacts to the UV light. The fluorescence molecule will send the radiation to the photovoltaic cells that are inducting the electricity to the control system of the nanomachines. 

If we want to make a nano-submarine that can travel in the human body we need four types of fluorescence molecules. And those molecules must react to different wavelengths of radiation. Four molecules with different wavelengths allow to turn submarine to four directions. Left, right, up, and down. And the system can be controlled by catheter where are the UV and other light LED:s. 

The electric power for the submarine can deliver by using radio waves. Also, other types of equipment can control by using light and fluorescence molecules. That system can use to deliver medicines to the right point of the body. Or that kind of submarine can drill the blood veins open in the cases of blockages. 

Sources:

https://scitechdaily.com/photocatalysis-evaluation-proton-transfer-between-titania-surface-and-dye-observed/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

Fusion power is far away in the future.

Image: Pinterest

Originally, the image above this text portrayed a donut-shaped space station called "Stanford torus". But it can also portray the donut-shaped power satellite, that uses the "Tokamak-type" nuclear reactor. This type of power station could deliver energy to the futuristic space stations that orbit Jupiter and other planets in the distant future. 

The power satellites or zero-gravity conditions can solve some of the problems of the fusion reactor. The zero-gravity conditions are making it easier to control the high-energetic plasma. That orbits in the donut-shaped reactor. 

At the beginning of this text, I must write about one of the most futuristic solutions for energy production. That thing is the energy satellites. The giant power stations that are orbiting Earth and deliver energy to the ground by using radio, laser rays, or targeted microwaves. The problem with those satellites is that they are easy to turn to weapons. And powerful microwaves or laser rays can turn the city to ash. 

Another problem with that kind of power station is that their size is extremely big. If we want to make the solar-power satellites that are delivering energy to the entire Earth. The size of the solar panels would be enormous. Of course, there would be a large group of those satellites but the project would be enormous. 

The power satellites can equip with a fusion reactor. That thing can position far away from Earth and in the case of accidents that don't danger things on earth. The fusion system requires large wings. Ahat can shine the thermal radiation to the space. Also, if the power satellites are equipped also with solar panels that thing can also use solar energy. 

Originally the idea of the orbiting nuclear power plants introduces to use of fission reactors. The idea was that nuclear power plants are orbiting the moon, and in the case of accidents the radioactive debris would drop to the moon. 

There is introduced an idea to make the hybrid system, where the microbes are producing methane.  The orbiting power stations don't always need nuclear reactors. Also, conventional fuels can use. 

Methane is useful for the turbines that are in those satellites. That methane production system was originally made for Mars crafts and Mars stations. But it can use also in orbiting power stations. And the hybrid system where the solar power can connect with methane turbines or fuel cells can make those satellites smaller. 

The idea of the system can base the idea that the exhaust gases will travel through filters where oxygen is separated and reused in the methane burning system. That kind of system can also use at asteroid belts and deep space missions. 

https://scitechdaily.com/using-microbes-to-make-martian-rocket-biofuel-on-mars/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space-based_solar_power

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford_torus

The problem with fusion energy is the intensive heat. 

In the fusion system, the temperature is billions of degrees of celsius. That means controlling that system is extremely difficult. There is the possibility. In the case of problems, the control system doesn't have enough time to cut the fuel transfer in the system. And that can cause an explosion. Also if the plasma with billions of celsius would be released in nature that thing can destroy large areas around that leak. 

In the fusion reactors, the high-temperature plasma is hovering in the donut-shaped chamber where the magnetic field is pushing it away from the walls. And even a short-term touch with the wall of the chamber can cause that the plasma will impact with air. The temperature of that plasma is higher than in the nucleus of the sun. 

And that means it's extremely dangerous even without radioactive radiation. The thermal impact would be destructive. There is the possibility that the infrared radiation from the plasma is pushed back by using counter-radiation. But those systems are extremely futuristic. 

https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/fusion-power-future/

Image:https://interestingengineering.com/the-tokamak-reactors-and-how-they-influence-nuclear-fusion

https://visionsofbrightfuture.blogspot.com/