Tuesday, August 16, 2022

Six extra-large atoms can imitate brain.


The full article about those six atoms and brain imitation is in the New Scientist. But the fact is that these kinds of ideas are revolutionizing quantum technology. There is theoretically possible that atoms can make similar structures like neurons.  

And, of course, that brings fascinating ideas to neuroscience but also for artificial intelligence. Some researchers have introduced a model where the electron layers of the atom act as the neuron's membrane. The superpositioned and entangled electrons make channels that are acting as axons in this quantum brain. 

The memory blocks that are needed for making the quantum brain function are the electrons that are at the Rydberg state. This thing makes it possible to make the atom cloud where the atoms are formed the 3D structure that is similar to the human brain. 

This is one of the visions of the extremely advanced quantum systems. There are many versions of this theoretical quantum computer that has the form of an atom cloud. The shape of the quantum computer is not pre-ordered. Things like electron clouds and even quarks and photon clouds can be from the quantum computer. 

And one of the most brilliant quantum computers is the human brain. Each neuron is a biological qubit. And every single neuron can operate in a certain state like atoms, which work in miniature quantum computers. 

The thing that makes quantum computers so powerful. Is that they can make multiple operations at the same time. 

So because the quantum computer can share the calculations to multiple levels or states that allow the quantum computer makes everything at a very high speed. That thing makes those systems so powerful. 

Things like used axon tracks and the neuron's temperature can determine the state of the neuron. I don't know how much the temperature of the neuron affects the state of the neuron. But enzymes that neuron uses to control the neurotransmitters are very sensitive to temperature. 

But things like the number of used axons that neuron uses. And the route of the signal affects the determination of the state of the neurons. This thing makes our brain the most fascinating tool in the world. 


https://www.newscientist.com/article/2333553-quantum-computer-made-of-6-super-sized-atoms-could-imitate-the-brain/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_atom

Genetic research solved 30 years old mystery. Nerve-agent sarin caused The " Gulf-war illness".



New genetic research uncovered that the depleted uranium ammunitions didn't cause the famous "Gulf war illness". The reason for those symptoms was in nerve agent sarin (1). Sarin or GB is one of the deadliest chemicals in the world. And it has a deadly effect, even if the person wears protective suits.  

Organophosphates like VX, sarin, soman, and tabun cause death by skin contact. Also, even if the person has the counter-chemicals or antidotes to sarin like atropine, Biperiden, and pralidoxime. (2).

 The chemical database says: "The lethal dose for man is estimated to be 0.01 mg/kg". (3). even if the dose is not deadly, can sarin cause permanent nerve damage. (4) 

The sarin and other G-agents remain on the surface layers like weapons and other equipment. Those chemical weapons can cause ADHD-like symptoms. 

So operators must remove nerve agents from the surfaces in the poisoned area very carefully because even a low dose of those chemicals can cause symptoms. The effect of the nerve agent is simple. It denies the work of one enzyme that destroys neurotransmitters after its work. That thing causes the spasm. But if the dose is lower than deadly that thing causes sweat and restless behavior. 

And operators must wash carefully, especially things like protective glasses and buttons of the clothes. Sarin is the first known nerve agent. Nazi Germany's scientists produced that chemical agent in the 1930s. 

Sarin is less poisonous than the VX. And it's easier to produce and control than VX. So chemical is more suitable for the use of low-tech military than some VX or other more poisonous chemicals. 

Today there is planned to use biological sensors for uncovering the use of chemical weapons. Those sensors are basing the cloned neurons. And the system watches if the enzyme that destroys neurotransmitters after its use will not work. This system can make that thing by observing the actions of the cloned muscle cells. 


(1) https://scitechdaily.com/after-30-years-genetic-study-confirms-sarin-nerve-gas-as-cause-of-gulf-war-illness/


(2) https://www.thoughtco.com/how-sarin-gas-works-609278


(3) https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sarin#section=Analytic-Laboratory-Methods


(4) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin



https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/sarin/basics/facts.asp



Image:) https://scitechdaily.com/after-30-years-genetic-study-confirms-sarin-nerve-gas-as-cause-of-gulf-war-illness/


https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/


Monday, August 15, 2022

The new hypersonic missiles will install into the Zumwalt-class destroyer USS Michael Monsoor.


USS Zumwalt



All three Zumwalt-class destroyers are getting new and powerful hypersonic missiles.  Those missiles have a speed of Mach 5+. And they have a very long range, says the article in the Eurasian Times. The installation of those new hypersonic missiles means that the advanced 155mm. gun turrets are removed and replaced by hypersonic missile tubes. The details about that modification are in the article below this text. 

The world is waiting for new lightweight and portable super- and hypersonic systems. Military forces can install those hypersonic systems in vehicles like main battle tanks. Or they can even be man-portable. 

The new hypersonic systems can shoot dummy or intelligent ammunition. And they are the most powerful systems in the world. 

Hypersonic systems are not always missiles. They might be things like rail guns. And maybe the next stage in hypersonic weapons is the guided hypersonic ammunition for artillery. Railguns can accelerate artillery grenades to very high speed. And maybe, somebody already tests the scramjet-driven grenades or artillery shells that speed is over Mach 5. 

The railgun technology makes it possible to create a small-caliber, fast-sooting gun that can use against airborne and surface targets. The thing is that the railgun technology makes a standard iron-hearted .50 caliber bullet devastating if its speed rises over Mach 6. The same system can shoot guided ammunition like "intelligent bullets" to the targets. And the railgun systems can shoot even individual persons from extremely long ranges. 

These kinds of systems are the next-generation tools for the military. The railguns can accelerate even regular rifle bullets to a speed that is many times higher than Mach 1. The speed of famous GAU-8 "Avenger" ammunition is Mach 1,5. So if the speed of the bullet is Mach 3- or higher. That thing makes also rifle-caliber guns powerful against at least light armor. 

Nanotechnology, along with new and powerful power sources makes it possible to create lightweight and powerful magnetic systems. Those magnetic accelerators can install also to the silencers of regular rifles. And that thing increases the speed of the bullet very high. If that kind of bullet has a uranium core, that thing gives it the ability to destroy almost all kinds of targets. 


https://www.defensenews.com/miltech/2022/08/11/boeing-nammo-test-ramjet-155-artillery-weapon/


https://eurasiantimes.com/us-navy-hypersonic-missiles-three-zumwalt-destroyers/


https://news.usni.org/2022/08/12/hii-set-to-install-first-hypersonic-missiles-on-uss-zumwalt-uss-michael-monsoor-during-repair-period


Image:) https://eurasiantimes.com/us-navy-hypersonic-missiles-three-zumwalt-destroyers/


https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/


Monday, July 25, 2022

Russia denies its dependence on western nations.



"The High Mobility Artillery Rocket System fires the Army's new guided Multiple Launch Rocket System during testing at White Sands Missile Range" (Wikipedia/M142 HiMARS).


Russian propaganda claims that Russia doesn't need anybody in the world. And another thing that Russian propaganda highlights are that the Russian government can maintain a mercantilistic economy forever. In that case, the money will surround Russia, and there is no importing trade at all. When only international trade is exporting gas and oil. That thing means that the government has just income. 

The fact is that. Authoritarian governments can continue force and violent policy against other countries longer than republics and democratic countries. But the fact is that sooner or later even the most authoritarian governments lose their ability to go to war. If the war machine loses lots of men and equipment. That means there is always an end. No army has an endless store of equipment and men. If there are lots of losses that make need to recruit people from the reserve. 

And the question is are those people even in the physical condition that they can go to war and fight there? Or are the skills of those men so good that they would not die immediately? 

The captured Russian drone and other captured vehicles are telling that Russia uses lots of Western technology in their military equipment. The Russians are invested a lot of resources in their missile technology. Things like S-300 and S-500 air defense missiles can use against ground targets. But the problem is that the warheads of those missiles cannot penetrate the hardened targets. So there is a possibility. That the modified S-300 and S-500 missiles are used as anti-personnel ammunition. The satellite-guidance system will drive the missile to a certain trajectory. 

And then the radar will detonate those fragmentation warheads at a certain altitude. The large-size S-300 and S-500 systems are made to use even against incoming ballistic missiles. But there are counter-weapons against those missiles. And one of them is HiMARS. The salvo of GPS-guided rockets can destroy the large-size missile or its transporter-launch system if that weapon is too close to the front. 

The U.S HiMARS rocket launchers are shown their capacity in Ukraine. Fast-moving multipurpose, long-range rocket launchers are created for one of the counter-weapons against tactical missiles and heavy artillery. The thing is that those weapons are effective at least elder "OTR21 Tochka" (Nato reporting name: SS-21 "Scarab") and probably also against newer SS-25 "Stone" or "Iskander" missiles. 

There is the possibility that the large number of missiles that are used in Ukraine are the elder SS-21 "Scarab" series and the effective range of those missiles is 150 kilometers. The range of the newer "Iskander" is 400-500 kilometers. The effective range of HiMARS is 2-190 km and with MGM-140 ATACMS missiles the range of HiMARS is 300 kilometers. Those highly mobile systems can drive fast to the firing range and make their mission. 

Can systems like "Iskander" respond to HiMARS depending on the thing that can they attack accurately enough against those highly mobile systems? When the enemy site is located the HiMARS can drive fast to the shooting range and makes its duty. There is the possibility. In the future, HiMARS can equip with GPS-guided ammunition, which gives it pinpoint accuracy. Or maybe those GPS-guided rockets are already in use. 


Sources: 


https://gagadget.com/en/148769-the-ukrainian-armed-forces-captured-the-rare-strike-drone-swallow-m-for-the-first-time-the-drone-was-introduced-in-2021-a/


Different news media including. MSN.com and YLE.fi news


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K720_Iskander


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M142_HIMARS


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-140_ATACMS


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-300_missile_system


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-500_missile_system


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OTR-21_Tochka


Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M142_HIMARS



Saturday, July 23, 2022

Four possibilities can cause a collapse in the world's economy.



1) The housing market crisis is brewing again.


Payment difficulties for those who have taken out jumbo loans have increased in the USA. And those kinds of loans are taken for housing. So those people are bought homes, but then they cannot pay their loans back to the bank. That thing causes problems. 

Because even if those homes are foreclosed for banks. That thing doesn't mean that the bank ever gets its money back. Banks must sell those apartments. That there is even a possibility to get the money back. And if nobody offers enough the rest of the loan turns to bad debt. If there is enough bad debt that can cause bankruptcy for banks. That causes bank crises. And the trust in markets is gone.

When that loss of trust in economics happens in a large- worldwide economic area or area that has a big influence on the world's economy, it can cause the situation. That this area pulls the entire world into an economic downturn with it. The fact is that a financial boom and an economic upturn cannot continue forever. There is always an economic downturn after the economic upturn. 

The housing market crisis is one of the things that cause problems for the economy. The problem is not that the housing flats are not produced, or they are not produced enough. The problem is where to get money for funding that thing? If there are lots of housing squares the price of those housing squares is decreasing like in all other forms of inflation. One of the reasons for the housing market crisis is that when people are made money in the town they want to move to own house. 

And the thing that makes this thing problematic is that when those people's children are getting cheap land area they are not willing even to move to towns. That leaves the apartment buildings empty. When only a few people are living in some apartment buildings that rises the costs for single people. 

When some people are buying a new flat there is the possibility that they cannot sell their old flats. And that causes problems in the financial business. If people cannot pay their loans that thing turns into bad debt and falls to the state. The thing is this. The problem with housing squares is that no one wants to pay those housing squares. If government produces the flats for the people and pays for those flats that will not bring any money to the state. 


2) Domino effect of the raw material. 


When the need for raw materials is rising that means the production cannot fill the hole. So the raw materials must produce in new areas. And some of those areas are politically unstable. The thing that makes producing raw materials complicated is that people would not accept things like slave work. Also, things like guerilla movements are controlling some raw material sources. 

And that thing causes also political problems. Buyer of those raw materials acts as a supporter of terrorism. But the fact is that things like lanthanides that are important in high-tech products are not very common. The resources of Earth are not endless. That's why decreasing Earth's resources can cause a collapse of the economy. And the race for decreasing natural resources and food is causing conflicts. When one raw material is ending that thing causes a chain reaction, because some of those extraordinary metals are needed to produce other metals. 


3) Death spiral of Euro-area. 


When demand is falling that brings pressure to raise prices. The reason for that is that entrepreneurs must replace the lack of the incoming money that they can pay for their expenses like raw materials and business premises. The problem with that is that can cause a situation where the customer's loss increases. 

The death spiral means an effect where lack of customers is causing the rise in the prices. Then that will cause a chain reaction where the new prices are banishing more customers. Sooner or later the price of the product rises so high, that nobody buys it anymore. And they are starting to look for alternative solutions. 


4) China's expanding problems.


China is one of the biggest marketing environments in the world. But the major problem of that nation is that the regular people have no money to buy things like mobile telephones. The fact is this. Even if China is a big economical area that area is not endless. There is always a limit when people will not buy things like tablets and mobile telephones anymore. And when the demands in that area end, China is lost. That thing affects the entire world and its economy. 

The biggest problem with China is that it's not an open nation. There is hard to get confirmed information about the economic situation in that country. And the second problem is that the Chinese authoritarian government makes people afraid that something happens to them. The authoritarian and corrupted authorities are the thing that can cause many problems for people who are visiting those countries. 

Another problem with production in China is that people are awakening about the freedoms and merchandise products in the country, which is very authoritarian and is negative marketing for those products. And another thing is national security. 

The aggressive willingness to expand its territorial waters, especially in the South China Sea causes other governments to want to limit the production of mobile devices in China because the Chinese military can get benefit from those products. 

Because only a couple of words against the government cause arrest there is always the possibility that somebody has written something on social media in the name of the person who visits China. And that thing causes problems. Also, there is the possibility that the investors are losing their investments. Because authorities seized that money. 

But also things like the possibility that the government's attitude to companies is turning negative. The fact is that those governments like large-scale companies. And they don't support micro-entrepreneurs. That kind of thing means that China is not a very promising operational area for start-up companies that have no relationships with authorities. 


Sunday, January 2, 2022

New robots bring new tricks.

 

 New robots bring new tricks.




Robots that emulate fish are more effective than robots that are using propellers. If the robot has similar fins and tails with fish. It won't get stuck to the algae and water vegetables so easily as propellers using robots. The problem with small-size robots is that they have limited power sources. The thing is that also larger nuclear-powered submarines can have fins and structures like pike fish that kind of submarine might have stealth drive along with propellers. 

Structures that are used and tested in miniature submarines. Can turn to use in larger-scale submarines. There is also tested the cuttlefish-looking submarine construction. Those kinds of systems can use water jets for driving fast underwater. 

Then the robot can use those fins in the area where the system needs to operate accurately. Those robots can be of various sizes. And they can use to recover the material from the bottom of the oceans by using manipulator's arms. 




Those little bit spider-looking machines can use to return things like nuclear reactors and secretive things like dropped nuclear bombs in secretive missions. As well as they can use to return chemical waste or something like that. 

The flying man-shaped robots can also be modern technology. The same technology that is created for those systems can also use to lift people. The man-looking flying robots can someday research planets like Venus and Saturn moon Titan. But they can also drop to research the jungles in Papua-New Guinea. 

New technology like large-size quadcopters can use to lift people from the ground. And sometimes is tested the backpack, that has a helicopter structure. The tail rotor would be at the end of the telescope tail. And the main rotor would be in the middle of the backpack. Those kinds of systems have problems with power supply. 




So the quadcopters are easier to control. And they can be connected to the wireless game control sticks. Those systems are almost safe. Because of the battery is ended. That robot can have autorotation mode. The autorotation guarantees that the system can return to the ground safely. 

The quadcopters that are lifting humans can use to land the special operations teams to the ground. And then fly back to VTOL aircraft. The same quadcopters can also rise window cleaners to the roof of buildings. But in the same way, things like burglars can use quadcopters to lift them and their equipment to the roofs of their targets. The fact is that this kind of technology is open source. Everybody can buy a quadcopter from shops. And then the person needs only the employment skills to enlarge that system. 

Italian "iron man robot". (https://www.engadget.com/)

https://interestingengineering.com/cuttlefish-like-robots-are-far-more-efficient-than-propeller-powered-machines


https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/


Thursday, December 16, 2021

The future of interstellar spacecraft.

  

The future of interstellar spacecraft. 




The interstellar spacecraft might not come to practice very soon. But the fact is that theoretical research. Along with careful missions is opening the road to the interstellar journey. And maybe the time of that mission will come in 200-300 years. The fact is that nobody knows when we are ready to travel to the other solar system. When we remember history many things have been "impossible".  

The Chinese knew how to make gunpowder rockets in the 200s(1). And the Russian Konstantin Tsiolkovsky(2)(1857-1935) created theoretical research with rocketry and spaceflight in the 19th century. The thing is that things like interplanetary spaceflights. And space elevators(3) are also invented by Konstantin Tsilkovsky. 




Image 2: Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (1857-1935)


That man is called "the Father of the spaceflight". Tsiolkovsky also created research and articles about "lighter than air aviation". There was a rumor that Tsiolkovsky created an idea to use the hydrogen balloon or high-flying airship to carry space rockets to the high altitude. And then launch that rocket to the orbiter or sub-orbiting trajectory. 

The hydrogen balloon can lift the rocket to an altitude of 30 kilometers. And that thing could make it possible to launch smaller rockets to the orbiter. But for some reason, that plan remained at the theoretical level. And that reason could be bureaucracy. 

The thing is that technology advances all the time. And maybe the advancing of technology is faster than we think. The thing is that the first interstellar mission might become reality sooner than we expect. The thing is that the theory is the first step for making dreams real. And modern scientists have more advanced tools and experience than Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. 

But there are many things. What that man invented and what remains at the theoretical level. One of his greatest ideas is the space elevator. That giant structure that uses the centripetal force of the Earth is ever created in practice.  



Image 3: The Daedalus and Saturn V comparison


The British Interplanetary Society. And theoretical Project Daedalus(3) and its improvements. 


There are a couple of theoretical concepts for interstellar spacecraft. All of those concepts are probes. And the carefully made steps will open the road for successful manned interstellar missions far away in the future. But the first interstellar concepts would be more primitive than some SciFi spacecraft that travels across the galaxy in a couple of weeks. 

In the 1970s the British interplanetary society created Daedalus. Theoretical spacecraft. That could travel to Barnard's star. Daedalus planned to use thermonuclear detonations for reaching that distant star. In the updated version the Daedalus uses antimatter. 

When Daedalus closes the objective of its mission. That craft will create antimatter by using an antimatter generator. The antimatter would be created by benefiting the solar wind which impacts the gold leaf. That thing turns those particles into antimatter. That thing makes it possible that Daedalus II could bring samples from the solar system where it visits. 

NASA has created an idea of "Project Longshot" (4) which is quite similar to Daedalus. As I earlier wrote the both of those theoretical crafts are unmanned. So there are no worries about the lifetime of astronauts. But of course, there is the possibility that the theoretical interstellar probe is forgotten if there is some kind of other problems on Earth.  But the time of that craft will be far away in the future. 


(1)http://en.chinaculture.org/created/2005-07/21/content_70826.htm


(2)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky


(3)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_elevator


(4)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus


(5)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Longshot


Image 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky


Image 2: Pinterest


https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

The first drone that can reach an altitude of 10,000 meters is here.

“Meteomatics' Strato multicopter drone.” (Interesting Engineering) Swiss company called Meteomatics created a drone. It reaches an altit...